Comparison And Cluster Analysis Of Nutritional Components Of Different Donkey Milk In Xinjiang

In this study,the nutritional components of donkey milk,such as fat,protein,lactose,dry matter content,vitamin C,amino acids,fatty acids and minerals,were compared and analyzed in different breeds,different lactation periods and different regions of Xinjiang,which provided basic data for making full use of donkey milk resources,improving milk production,developing donkey milk industry and guiding the healthy development of donkey industry.The results showed that the change range of nutritional components in different breeds,different lactation periods and different regions of donkey milk was protein(1.38-1.77g/100g),fat(0.72-1.08g/100g),water(88.89-91.07g/100g),dry matter(8.92-12.64g/100g),lactose(3.87-5.56g/100g),vitamin C(2.01-3.12g/100g),titrated acidity(4.48-4.71°T)and pH(7.09-7.29).(1)Xinjiang different varieties of donkey milk: Dezhou black donkey milk protein content(1.77±0.13g/100g)is the highest.The fat content in Xinjiang Donkey Milk(1.08±0.54g/100g)was significantly higher than that in Dezhou black donkey milk and Xinjiang Yue donkey milk(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between Xinjiang Donkey Milk and guola donkey milk.The lactose content of Xinjiang Donkey Milk(5.56±0.25g/100g)was significantly higher than that of Xinjiang Yue donkey and guola donkey(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between Xinjiang Donkey Milk and Dezhou black donkey milk.The content of vitamin C(3.12±0.09g/100g)in Xinjiang Yue donkey milk was significantly higher than that in other three breeds(P<0.05).The contents of leucine(175.54±0.03mg/100mL),lysine(147.71±0.02 mg/100mL),glutamic acid(370.38±0.04mg/100mL)and aspartic acid(180.13±0.05mg/100mL)in Dezhou black donkey milk were significantly higher than those in other three breeds(P<0.05),but glutamic acid content in Xinjiang Donkey Milk was close to that in human milk.The contents of palmitic acid(30.57±0.68%)and oleic acid(29.28±0.83%)were the highest in guola donkey milk,and the linoleic acid content in Dezhou black donkey milk was the highest(22.02±1.03%),and the content of myristic acid was the closest to that of human milk(4.03%).The content of calcium(441.75±18.74mg/kg)in Dezhou black donkey milk was the highest,zinc content was the closest to human milk(1.5mg/kg),selenium content in Xinjiang Yue donkey milk was the highest(8.99±0.18ug/kg),while phosphorus(315.72±1.70mg/kg)and zinc(4.33±0.08mg/kg)in guola donkey milk were higher than the other three varieties..(2)The results showed that the content of fat(1.02±0.56g/100g)was the highest in the early lactation period,while the content of lactose(5.45±0.29g/100g)and vitamin C(2.51±0.06g/100g)was the highest in the milk of Dezhou black donkey in different lactation periods,and the content of lactose was the closest to that of human milk(7.40g/100g).The contents of essential amino acids(789.90±0.19mg/100mL)and nonessential amino acids(1077.99±0.24mg/100mL)in late lactation milk were significantly higher than those in other two lactation periods(P < 0.05).The contents of palmitic acid(32.24±0.86%)and linoleic acid(23.42±0.95%)in early lactation milk were significantly higher than those in middle and late lactation,and the linolenic acid content in pre lactation milk was similar to that in human milk(1.66%).The content of oleic acid(23.15±0.66%)in late lactation was significantly higher than that in the other two lactation periods.With the extension of lactation period,the contents of octanoic acid,palmitic acid,arachidic acid and linoleic acid decreased,while the contents of linolenic acid and oleic acid increased with the extension of lactation period.The contents of calcium(625.00±12.92mg/kg),phosphorus(336.73±4.08mg/kg)and zinc(2.71±0.12mg/kg)were the highest in early lactation stage,and selenium(8.67±0.12ug/kg)in late lactation milk were the highest.(3)The contents of fat(1.08±0.54g/100g),dry matter(12.64±0.05g/100g),lactose(5.56±0.25g/100g)and vitamin C(2.87±0.11g/100g)in Hetian were higher than those in Changji.The protein and vitamin C contents of Xinjiang Donkey Milk in Hotan area were higher than those in human milk(1.30g/100g)The amount(4.30g/100g)was similar.The contents of essential amino acids(655.32±0.21mg/100mL)and nonessential amino acids(912.44±0.17mg/100mL)were higher in Changji than in Hetian.The contents of saturated fatty acids(46.80±2.87%)and polyunsaturated fatty acids(27.12±1.61%)in Xinjiang Yue donkey milk in Changji area were higher than those in Hetian area.The contents of phosphorus(288.39±5.33mg/kg),zinc(3.57±0.13mg/kg)and selenium(8.99±0.18ug/kg)in Hetian area were higher than those in Changji area..