| Flue-cured tobacco is one of the important cash crops in China.The quality of tobacco leaves after curing is directly related to the quality of cigarette products,the economic benefits of tobacco farmers and the social benefits.The quality of fresh tobacco leaves is directly related to the curing characteristics of fresh tobacco leaves and the quality of tobacco leaves after curing.This study combined with the actual production,and it obtained different qualities of fresh tobacco leaves,through the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and cake fertilizer instead of fertilizer treatment.On the basis of screening and research on the quantitative index of fresh tobacco leaves quality,combined with the characteristics of tobacco curing and the quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves,different fresh tobacco leaves quality was classified,and the matching curing technology of different kinds of fresh tobacco leaves was adjusted.As a common type in production---deep green tobacco,the quality of flue-cured tobacco is improved by optimizing curing technology.The main findings are as follows.?1?Classification of fresh tobacco leaves quality based on curing characteristics and quality of flue-cured tobaccoThe quality of fresh tobacco leaves was divided into three categories by using systematic cluster analysis.Class I tobacco leaves are easy to curing,good resistance to curing,and the quality of cured tobacco leaves is better;the curing characteristics of class II tobacco leaves are the best,and the quality of cured tobacco leaves is the best;the curing characteristics of class III tobacco leaves are the worst,and the quality of cured tobacco leaves is the worst.In the actual production process,the curing process should be adjusted according to its fresh tobacco leaves quality and curing characteristics,so as to improve the quality of tobacco leaves after curing.?2?Quantitative scope of quality characterization index of fresh tobacco leavesThe final quantitative characterization index and range?95%confidence interval?of the quality of fresh tobacco leaves were:The middle leaves---C/N 18.57?22.11,reducing sugar content 5.18%?6.38%,chlorophyll content 3.58?4.12 mg·g-1DW,starch content 20.85%?23.15%,total nitrogen content 1.81%?2.27%,total sugar content 9.55%?12.91%,fresh-dry ratio 7.21?7.91,moisture content 86.03%?87.28%.The upper leaves---the total nitrogen content 1.64%?2.10%,C/N 19.64?25.34,total sugar content 8.52%?12.07%,chlorophyll content 1.95?2.43 mg·g-1DW,reducing sugar content 5.09%?7.23%,moisture content 78.36%?82.65%,and the fresh-dry ratio was 4.62?5.78%.?3?Optimization of curing processThe curing technology of fresh tobacco leaves with normal quality in the field refers to eight-point curing technology.According to the quality of flue-cured tobacco and curing characteristics of deep green tobacco,the optimum technology is made,and the yellowing degree and humidity in the later and fixed period are reduced on the basis of eight-point curing technology.It has been proved that the optimized process can increase the sensory quality after curing,increase the appearance quality from7.65 to 8.26,increase the proportion of high-quality tobacco from 68.97%to 74.60%,and increase the average price from 28.28 yuan·kg-1 to 30.20 yuan·kg-1.Therefore,the optimized technology can effectively improve the quality and economic characteristics of deep green tobacco. |
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