| With the continuous increase of the global population and the increasing speed of energy consumption,the survival and development of human beings are faced with unprecedented challenges.Thus,how to develop low-carbon economy has become the focus of the world today.At the same time,with the continuous publicity of environmental protection concept,the low carbon products are more and more popular among consumers.The low carbon consciousness of consumers gradually starts to affect the purchase behavior of consumers,and the carbon footprint of products directly affects the demand for products.Therefore,more and more enterprises realize the importance of catering to the development trend of the low-carbon era and start to adjust the operation mode to produce low-carbon goods.At present,there are two ways for enterprises to reduce emissions:one is to carry out technology emission reduction or cooperative technology emission reduction through emission reduction research and development activities;The other way is to reduce emissions by purchasing carbon emission rights in the carbon trading market.At present,the carbon trading market is in the early stage,and the trading system is not mature,so self-emission reduction has become the preferred method for enterprises.In this way,not only the benefits brought by emission reduction can be obtained,but also the good brand image of the enterprise can be established.However,for general carbon emission dependent enterprises,due to their limited emission reduction technology capacity,they are unable to achieve low-carbon purification activities.Therefore,some emission reduction service companies with professional technology emerge as The Times require and develop rapidly into a new force in China's energy conservation industry.According to the above background,this paper mainly studies the decision-making problem of manufacturers in the case of self-emission reduction and emission reduction service outsourcing.First of all,in the case of enterprise on its own emissions,studied under the national mandatory emission reduction regulation,when consumers are low carbon preference of decision and coordination of supply chain,and through the design of carbon emission reduction optimization incremental profit sharing contract manufacturers and retailers of decision-making in order to realize the Pareto improvement,and finally by Rubinstein bargaining model of incremental profits to reduce emissions of specific share proportion.The results show that the profit sharing contract can increase the order quantity and decrease the wholesale price to some extent.Manufacturers' profits increase with consumers' awareness of low-carbon;When the net rate is low,the improvement of consumers' awareness of low carbon helps to improve retailers'profits.When the net profit rate is high,the profit of retailers will decrease with the improvement of consumers' low-carbon awareness.Secondly,this paper studies the decision-making problem of each member of the supply chain when manufacturers outsource emission reduction services,and compares and analyzes the decision-making situation of manufacturers and emission reduction service providers under the two modes of customization and ordering.It is found that under the background of carbon trading,manufacturers and emission reduction service providers have their own optimal decisions under the two modes of customized and ordered emission reduction cooperation.Under different cooperation models of emission reduction,all factors have the same influence on the decision-making of each participant in the supply chain.The improvement of consurners'awareness of low-carbon will stimulate manufacturers to increase product output and investment in emission reduction,and the emission reduction will also increase accordingly.However,higher initial carbon emissions and the cost of emission reduction will restrain manufacturers'production enthusiasm and reduce emission reduction at the same time. |
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