Interaction Between Resistant Starch Intake And Salmonella Infection

Salmonella typhimurium(S.typhimurium)is one of the most common foodborne pathogens,which can infect humans and animals at the same time and cause self-limited gastroenteritis.Resistant starch(RS)has many similar physiological function of dietay fiber,which can't be digested in the small intestine,but can be used by the intestinal flora for fermentation.Although RS is one of the powerful available tools for affecting the health of host.However,evidence of its potential for alleviating S.typhimurium-induced intestinal inflammation and improving gut health has been limited.Therefore,in this study,the role of resistant starch in the process of Salmonella infection was analyzed by establishing a S.typhimurium-induced intestinal inflammation model.Here,eighty old mic were randomly divided into four groups(twenty animals per group)according to the diets and whether infected with S.typhimurium,including:normal diet(ND group);resistant starch diet(RS group);normal diet+infected with S.typhimurium(NI group);resistant starch diet+infected with S.typhimurium(RI group).Mice in each group were fed RS feed or normal feed for 3 weeks after an adaptation period of one week.Subsequently,in infect groups mice were gavaged with S.typhimurium last for 6 days cause an animal model with intestinal injury.During the experiment,fecal microbiota composition was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing,the weigh of body and cecum,histopathology of Ileum cecum and colon,pH value,water content and SCFA concentrations of fecal,inflammatory cytokines(TNF-??IL-1 ??IL-6)and NO levels in serum were measured.Our data showed that RS can effectively alleviate the gut inflammation caused by S.typhimurium in mice,as shown in the following aspects:Reduced the loss of body weight and cecum weight in infected group;Improved diarrhea symptoms in mice;Decreased fecal pH value;Reduced the concentration of inflammatory factors;Maintaining the integrity of the intestinal barrier;Increased levels of short-chain fatty acids and,most importantly,RS decreased mortality in the infected group.Meanwhile,16S rDNA sequencing result revealed that RS improved intestinal inflammation by enriching the anti-inflammatory probiotics(clostridia,eubacteria,roseburia,Faecalibacterium)and the protective-effect lactobacillus as well as reducing the abundance of pathogenic bacteria.This study preliminary revealed the mechanism of resistant starch in alleviating intestinal inflammation,and provided data support for diet intervention in the treatment of intestinal diseases.