| Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products?PPCPs?are a new type of organic pollutants that have received widespread attention from the scientific community and society since 2000.The concept of PPCPs was first introduced by Daughton in 1999.It covers all human and veterinary medicines?including prescription and over-the-counter drugs and biological agents?,diagnostics,health products,musk,cosmetics,disinfectants,Sunscreens and other components such as excipients and preservatives are added in the production of PPCPs.The PPCPs in the environment mainly come from the incomplete emissions from sewage treatment plants and the direct emissions from human agricultural or animal husbandry activities.The continuous input of PPCPs makes them appear in a"persistent"state in the environment and accumulates through the food chain food web,which may cause great harm to the ecosystem and human health.So Daughton classified them as a class of"subtle,potential,cumulative effects"environmental pollutants.PPCPs are difficult to detect in water and food due to their short half-life,low concentration,and the presence of matrix interferences.In recent years,trace detection of new organic pollutants PPCPs in water and food has been a research focus in the field of food safety.In this paper,two new covalent organic framework materials were prepared:TpPa-1 and TPB-DMTP-COF.They were used as solid-phase microextraction sorbents and solid-phase extraction packing,respectively.New methods for the determination of synthetic musk and sulfonamide drugs in water was established.Different environmental water samples and food samples were analyzed and related methodological verifications were conducted.The adsorption mechanisms of TpPa-1 and TPB-DMTP-COF materials on synthetic musks pollutants and sulfonamides drugs were discussed.The main results of this article are as follows:1.In this report,?-ketoenamine-linked covalent organic frameworks?TpPa-1?was successfully constructed through Schiff base-type reaction between1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol?Tp?and paraphenylenediamine?Pa-1?.The TpPa-1 possessed?-?stacking structure and large surface area.Then,an excellent coating based on TpPa-1 was fabricated on stainless steel fiber for satisfactory preconcentration of synthetic musks.This TpPa-1 coating exhibited strong interaction with synthetic musks owing to the hydrophobic effect,?-?affinity,and large surface area.The TpPa-1-based solid-phase microextraction methodology,coupled with gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry,provided high enrichment factors?1214-12487?,wide linearity(0.5-1000 ng·L-1),low limits of detection(0.04-0.31 ng·L-1),and acceptable reproducibility?relative standard deviations<10%?for nine synthetic musks.Recoveries for three spiked levels in three environmental water samples were between 76.2%and 118.7%.These exceptional results signified that TpPa-1 as a solid-phase microextraction fiber coating was a satisfactory method capable of achieving high sensitivityand can reliably enrich and detect trace concentrations of synthetic musks in environmental water samples.2.In this work,spherical TPB-DMTP-COF was fabricated by a simple roomtemperature solution-phase method,and used as anadsorbent for solid-phase extraction of utra-trace levels of polar sulfonamides?SAs?from food and water samples.The TPB-DMTP-COF was characterized by scanning electron microscopy,Fouier transform infrared spectra,powder X-ray diffraction analyses and other techniques.The important parameters were optimized to improve the extraction efficiency of TPB-DMTP-COF.The sulfonamideswere analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.The method based on TPB-DMTP-COF material achieved low limits of detection(0.5-1 ng·L-1),wide linear range(5-1000 ng·L-1),satisfactory correlationcoefficients??0.991?and good repeatability?2.5-8.7%?.Finally,the method was successfully applied to the enrichment and determination of sulfonamidesin food and environmental water samples.This indicated that TPB-DMTP-COF has splendid prospects in high sensitive analysis of trace sulfonamides in complex samples. |
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