Preparation And Photoelectric Properties Research Of Lead-free Glass Frit For Front Silver Paste Of Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

Facing the situation of endangered fossil energy and environmental pollution,people have turned their attention to clean new renewable energy such as wind,geothermal and solar energy Among them,one of the ways of utilizing solar energy is solar cells,and crystalline silicon solar cells have been vigorously developed due to their high photoelectric conversion efficiency and mature market advantages.For crystalline silicon solar cells,the front silver paste is an important part of it,and glass frit plays an important role in the silver paste.The article mainly introduces the preparation of the lead-free glass frit for front silver paste of polycrystalline silicon solar cells,and studies the effect of the lead-free glass frit on the photoelectric performance of poly crystalline silicon solar cells.This article mainly studies two modified lead-free glass frits:1.The lead-free Ag-doped glass frit.The sol-gel method and the melt-quenching method were used to prepare the lead-free Ag-doped glass frit and the without Ag-doped glass frit,and the photoelectric performance of the polycrystalline silicon solar cells made with these four glass frits was compared and analyzed.The test analysis of the lead-free Ag-doped glass frit prepared by the sol-gel method was mainly performed.The N2 adsorption-specific surface area test shows that the lead-free Ag-doped glass frit prepared by the sol-gel method has a larger specific surface area and a smaller average pore size than the melt-quenching method,which promotes front-contact metallization.Observing the cross-section of the sintered Si wafer which was found that some small silver crystal particles in the glass layer.The prepared glass frit is thoroughly mixed with the laboratory-prepared silver powder and the organic carrier to make the positive silver paste and the solar cell.And the effects of four kinds of glass frits on the photoelectric performance of solar cells were researched.The results show that among the polycrystalline silicon solar cells made of four kind of glass frits,the polycrystalline silicon solar cells made of the lead-free Ag-doped glass frit prepared by the sol-gel method have the lowest series resistance(1.7 m?)and the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency(18.2%)2.The lead-free P-doped glass frit.When the traditional melt-quenching method was used to prepare P-doped glass frit,the doping efficiency is low due to the volatilization characteristics of phosphorus at high temperature.Therefore,the lead-free P-doped glass frit was prepared based on the low-temperature phosphorus diffusion principle,and the same proportion of glass frit was also prepared by traditional methods.It was found by scanning electron microscope(SEM)that the particles of the lead-free P-doped glass frit prepared based on the low-temperature phosphorus diffusion principle were uniform.Observation of the cross-section of the Si wafer revealed that a layer of metallic Bi particles was formed at the interface of the glass layer.Similarly,the front silver paste was prepared and made into a solar cell.After testing,among the polycrystalline silicon solar cells made of these two glass frits,the polycrystalline silicon solar cells made of the lead-free P-doped glass frit based on the low-temperature phosphorus diffusion principle has the lowest series resistance(1.5 m?)and the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency(18.3%).