Decision Research And Collecting Mode Selection Of A Closed-loop Supply Chain Under Cap-and-trade Regulation

In the context of global advocacy of low-carbon development,more and more enterprises are constrained by carbon emissions.Remanufacturing is adopted by these companies as an energy-saving and emission-reducing production method.However,collecting is a prerequisite for remanufacturing.Choosing a reasonable collecting mode to ensure the supply of remanufacturing materials is the key to remanufacturing successfully.Under cap-and-trade regulation,this paper takes the collecting mode of old products as the research object,and discusses the production,pricing and emission reduction decisions of supply chain members.The issues of collecting mode selection are explored when taking some factors into consideration,such as carbon emissions in take-back process,the trade-old-for-new and the trade-old-for-remanufactured mechanism.Firstly,this paper characterizes the difference of carbon emissions in take-back process under different collecting modes,and determines the optimal collecting mode by comparing the profits and carbon emissions of supply chain members under four collecting modes.The conclusions show that when taking carbon emissions in take-back process into consideration,the third-party collecting mode may also be the optimal.From the perspective of profit,the optimal collecting mode of manufacturer is independent of carbon quotas,but is related to unit cost savings and the unit carbon emissions in take-back process.The manufacturer will choose the third-party collecting mode when the unit carbon emissions in take-back process in the retailer collecting mode are much larger than those in the third-party collecting mode and the unit cost savings are relatively low,otherwise the manufacturer will choose the retailer collecting mode.The manufacturer's optimal collecting mode,whether is the retailer collecting mode or the third-party collecting mode,may result in the most carbon emissions when the carbon price is relatively low or the carbon intensity is high.Secondly,this paper divides consumers in the market into two types: the primary consumer and the replacement consumer,analyzes the trade-in decision models under different collecting modes,and determines the best collecting mode for old products.The results show that,from the consumer's point of view,replacement consumers prefer to return products to the manufacturer to obtain the higher utility,while primary consumers prefer the retailers to provide trade-in programs to collect their old products.From the perspective of the profit,the profits of the manufacturer and supply chain under the manufacturer collecting mode are higher than those in the retailer collecting mode,while the opposite is true in the retailer collecting mode.Both parties are more willing to implement the trade-in policy to collect old products by themselves,and the manufacturer can realize its own economic and environmental benefits by collecting old products.Finally,this paper introduces trade-old-for-remanufactured into the previous models,and studies the optimal collecting mode.The conclusions show that the strategy choices of consumers,the manufacturer and the retailer are similar to those in trade-old-for-new,the manufacturer and the retailer are more willing to implement their own trade-in activities to collect used products.In addition,government subsidies do not change the choice of collecting mode,the above conclusions will not change regardless of whether the government provides trade-in subsidies for the replacement consumers or not.