Under The Carbon Trading Mechanism, The Closed-loop Supply Chain Pricing And Emission Reduction Decisions That Consider "replacement For Re" Subsidies

In recent years,environmental problems caused by excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide have threatened the survival and development of human beings.As a large country of carbon emissions,China has been committed to reducing carbon emissions and improving the environment for a long time,and actively explore and formulate carbon emission reduction policies in line with the current situation of China's development.In December 2017,the national development and Reform Commission announced the official launch of the national carbon trading system,which is one of the main means to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction and control carbon emissions.As a high emission industry,manufacturing industry should also actively explore low-carbon production mode and carry out carbon emission reduction investment to comply with the national emission reduction form.Remanufacturing,as an advanced mode of production,can not only reduce the consumption of natural resources,reduce the production cost of enterprises,and improve the economic benefits of enterprises,but also reduce the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and reduce environmental pollution.However,due to certain cognitive bias of consumers on remanufactured products,the development of China's remanufacturing industry is limited to some extent.In order to promote the development of China's remanufacturing industry,it was decided to carry out the "trade-old-for-remanufactured" pilot work in August 2013.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the pricing and emission reduction of closed-loop supply chain based on the carbon trading mechanism and the government's subsidy policy of "trade-old-for-remanufactured".In this paper,based on the carbon trading mechanism and the government's "trade-old-for-remanufactured" subsidy,the pricing and emission reduction decision-making of the closed-loop supply chain system consisting of a single manufacturer and retailer are studied.First,this paper builds a manufacturer-led Stackelberg pricing and emission reduction decision model,which includes the single-subsidy case and the non-government subsidy case as a reference control,under the double-subsidy case;secondly,the optimal pricing and emission reduction decision-making are obtained by solving the problem,and the optimal pricing and emission reduction strategy are further analyzed to get the relevant conclusions;then the four above-mentioned cases are analyzed At the same time,the paper analyzes the impact of carbon trading price,government subsidies,carbon emission reduction investment scale coefficient on the closed-loop supply chain decision-making and the profits of members participating in the closed-loop supply chain.Finally,the conclusion obtained in the previous paper is verified by an example,and the corresponding suggestions are given from the perspective of enterprises and governments.The results show that:(1)From the perspective of profit and government utility of the closed-loop supply chain system and its members,government subsidies to manufacturers and consumers,subsidized retailers and consumers,and individually subsidized consumers have the same impact,Therefore,from the perspective of the convenience of policy implementation,the government chooses to subsidize consumers most directl;(2)Compared with without government subsidies,government subsidies can not only improve the profits and government utility of the closed-loop supply chain system and its members,but also reduce the carbon emissions of the closed-loop supply chain,achieve energy conservation and emission reduction,and promote the development of the circular economy and green economy;Therefore,the government can further carry out the work of "trade-old-for-remanufactured" and expand the scope of the pilot project;(3)The government should appropriately raise the free carbon emission quota,and guide the carbon trading price in a reasonable area through certain policies and means In addition,it can stimulate the enterprise's emission reduction power,improve the revenue and reduce the greenhouse gas emissions at the same time;(4)The enterprise should improve the emission reduction efficiency of closed-loop supply chain by means of technology research and development,reduce the carbon emission reduction investment scale coefficient,and invest more funds and energy in the recycling of waste products and the production and sales of remanufactured products.