| Grassland is an important production factor of animal husbandry in pastoral areas,and it is the main production base of natural green livestock products in the country.However,due to the fragility of the grassland’s own ecosystem and the early extensive development of animal husbandry in pastoral areas,the grassland ecological environment was damaged and the production function was degraded.In order to protect the ecology and take into account both economic and social benefits,the state has implemented a grassland ecological compensation policy in semi-pastoral counties and pastoral areas.The grassland ecological compensation policy is a major project for grassland pastoral areas and grassland ecological construction in China,and plays an important role in the ecological,economic and social development of the areas where the policy is implemented.This article takes Hulun Buir area as the research object,systematically sorts out the generalization of the grassland ecological compensation policy in Hulun Buir city,and the characteristics and trends of animal husbandry development before and after the implementation of the policy.During the implementation of the policy,through the prohibition of grazing and the balance of grass and livestock,the grassland ecology of Hulun Buir was restored,and ecological indicators such as vegetation coverage,height,forage yield,and species diversity improved significantly.The overall economic development of the city’s animal husbandry industry is relatively good,but in recent years,the added value of animal husbandry in the Four Banners has declined,and the number of livestock and the output of livestock products have fluctuated.In order to explore the specific impact of the grassland ecological compensation policy on pastoral livestock breeding,this article starts with micro-pastoral livestock breeding data and uses descriptive statistics,Logistic and Probit models,SFA methods,and intermediary effects to deeply analyze grassland ecological compensation The impact of the award policy on herdsmen’s breeding behavior and the mechanism of herdsman’s breeding efficiency.Based on the research on the farming situation of the herdsmen,this paper concludes that during the implementation of the grassland ecological compensation policy,the policy funds used to purchase forage materials have a positive impact on the herdsmen to increase the livestock breeding volume.The farming methods of herdsmen have changed from free grazing throughout the year to semi-house feeding,reducing the number of grazing animals on the grassland and reducing the pressure on the pasture.The livestock breeding structure has been optimized,and the proportion of large livestock,capable mothers and improved breeds of livestock raised by herdsmen has increased.The herdsmen ’s investment in livestock breeding has increased,and the sheds and production equipment of livestock houses have been continuously improved.However,due to various factors such as the system,drought,and wealth concepts,the herdsmen ’s borrowing has increased,and it is difficult to repay the interest.The grassland ecological compensation policy not only guides the change of herdsmen’s farming behavior,but also directly promotes the improvement of herdsmen’s animal husbandry efficiency.In addition,in the process of implementing the grassland ecological compensation policy,as more and more herders move into or out of the pasture,the grassland circulation indirectly improves the herdsmen’s breeding efficiency.According to the above research conclusions,in order to promote the sustainable development of animal husbandry under the grassland ecological compensation policy,and realize the organic combination of ecological construction and animal husbandry development,this paper proposes to improve the supporting policy support for animal husbandry development in pastoral areas,guide herders to rationally invest in animal husbandry and improve Suggestions on the grassland pasture circulation system. |
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