Lightweight Design Of Three-axis CNC Milling Machine

With the advent of the smart era,smart factories have been widely implemented.Smart factory is the unmanned and automated factory.One of its foundations is the rapid development of CNC technology.In order to meet the processing requirements of contemporary manufacturing and improve market competitiveness,the application range of CNC machine tools has been expanding with the times,and technology has been continuously improved to meet demand.For small-scale machining and changing the processing environment,small machine tools have unique advantages,but the degree of optimization of the machine tool structure is insufficient,affecting the accuracy of the machine tool.In order to meet the requirements of precision machining,lightweight optimization of machine tools is needed to achieve better machine tool accuracy and performance.Compared with the problems of incomplete functions and human-computer interaction interface exposed by traditional CNC systems,open CNC has prominent advantages and is beneficial to improving the flexibility of CNC systems.It is based on ANSYS finite element analysis theory and lightweight design concepts.With the help of analysis software and optimization methods,the key components of the machine tool are designed and optimized.And using a semi-closed loop control system combining a motion controller and a PC industrial computer,a new set of open CNC software is developed in the Windows system to complete the entire design of an open CNC milling machine.Firstly,according to the design requirements of the machine tool,the structure layout of the machine tool and the materials and structures of key components are designed,and the precision components are checked and verified.Secondly,it use the workbench software to analyze the static and dynamic characteristics of the main shaft,beams,columns and the whole machine.From the aspects of static stiffness,strength and natural frequency,it verifies whether the designed machine can meet the requirements,find the weak points in the structure and the problems that need to be avoided,provide directions for subsequent optimization.Then the multi-objective optimization design method and sensitivity theory are introduced.The machine tool beams is designed lightweightly by multi-objective method that is self-response surface or NSGA-II algorithm.In addition,topology optimization and multi-objective method are used to optimize the weight of the column,and the optimal structure is determined according to the objective function.Then analyze the reassembly of the machine after the lightweight.The stiffness,strength,and modal frequency are used as standards to compare with the original machine tool to verify the optimization effect.Finally,the open CNC system is developed and designed.According to the requirements of the actual machine tool,the system hardware part is compared and configured.It adopt the structure method of "PC and motion controller" to select and complete the construction of industrial computer,servo system and motion controller.The industrial control computer,servo system and motion controller are selected and completed.The software part is to choose the development platform and software,determine the CNC system framework,and study the program programming logic to realize the functions of human-computer interaction interface,code simulation module and file management module.