Current Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Status Of Erguna Basin And Pollution Controlling Measures

In the construction of ecological civilization,the pollution control of agriculture and rural areas has become more and more important.Agriculture NPS?non-point source pollution?was consisted of rural domestic pollution,livestock pollution and planting pollution.Agriculture NPS loads and contributionto water pollution were studied by this paper in Ergun Basin for the first time.the research findings will help the government to define priority industries and critical areas for water quality control,and.there were some measuresto be put forward in order to improve water quality in Basin.The water quality of the Ergun River Basin is slightly polluted.The main pollution indicators are chemical oxygen demand,high acid salt index,ammonia nitrogen,total phosphorus,fluoride and volatile phenol.The surface water quality of the basin is better than the snowmelt period and the dry season.The water quality during the wet season is the worst.According to the 2003-2017 annual environmental statistics,the amount of wastewater discharged from the point source in the Ergun River Basin has increased.However,the chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater decreased significantly,while the overall water quality of the basin did not change significantly,indicating that non-point source pollution has become the main influencing factor of water quality in the basin.In 2017,the amount of TN,TP and NH₄⁺-N in the Ergun River Basin was 11.9 t,9.6 t and 682.3 kg,respectively;the COD,NH₄⁺-N,TP and TN of livestock manure per unit of cultivated land area The rivers are 4665.2 t,218.2 t,125.⁴t and 1006.⁴t respectively;rural life sources are COD 65⁴t,NH₄⁺-N 32 t,TP 25.9 t and TN 124.1 t,accounting for COD,NH₄⁺-N,TP and TN,respectively.20.1%,18.3%,15.1%,and 16.6% of the loss;the production of agricultural non-point source COD,NH₄⁺-N,TP and TN in the Ergun River Basin in 2017 was 1.3×10⁵t,1.7×10⁴t,3.2 respectively.×10⁴t and 6.1×10⁴t,the losses were 2.1×10⁴t,985.⁴t,704.2 t and 4.7×10³t,respectively,and the inflows were 5319.2 t,250.8 t,160.9 t and 1142.⁴t respectively.Based on the analysis of various factors,it is proposed to give priority to the control of pollution control of livestock and poultry manure,and secondly to prevent and control rural living sources and planting sources;through the calculation and analysis of pollution volume,propose recommended measures.For livestock and poultry breeding,the model of “full collection of manure and returning to the field” is proposed,such as open aerobic composting technology and “specialized energy utilization of manure”;for rural living pollution,suggestions are made from two aspects.Domestic garbage collection and transportation system,equipped with cleaning staff according to the scale of the village,establish a garbage transportation network,second,promote the construction and management of rural domestic sewage system,and manage the whole chain from production,collection and transportation;Soil testing and fertilization technology,promotion of new application equipment;construction of biological interception projects on slope farmland,such as the construction of biological interception projects on slope farmland,and nitrogen and phosphorus purification projects in gentle farmland.In 2018,the local government has taken some measures to close the relocated large-scale farms in the 25 banned areas,and to build and renovate 2,064 public toilets in the urban areas,including 712 new ones,1352 new ones,and 30 tons of organic fertilizers.In the case of 10,000 mu,the use of chemical fertilizers decreased by 0.23% year-on-year.According to the calculations,the reduction rates of COD,NH₄⁺-N,TP and TN were 29.3%,9.1%,14.8% and 8.9%,respectively.The pollutant reduction forecast was carried out in 2017.For example,if the proposed measures are implemented,the estimated reduction rates of COD,NH₄⁺-N,TP,and TN are 44.4%,74.6%,78.5%,and 79.4%,respectively.The reduction concentrations were 0.38 mg/L,0.03 mg/L,0.02 mg/L,and 0.15 mg/L,respectively.