| Since the reform and opening-up 40 years ago,China has made great environmental sacrifices while taking off its economy.Our government has taken many measures to deal with environmental problems.Among them,emission trading system is the most special environmental regulation in China.Emission trading pilot policy is an important means of market-oriented environmental management implemented in China in 2007.It has been developed for more than 10 years,but it is still in an imperfect stage of development.Therefore,it is very important to objectively evaluate its impact on industrial enterprises in pilot areas.In particular,the impact on the emission reduction and output levels of industrial enterprises in pilot areas.This is not only of great significance to the implementation and improvement of the system itself,but also can provide reference for the control of industrial enterprises'pollution emissions and the development of industrial economy in other regions.From the perspective of marketization,the emission trading system can realize the optimal allocation of resources under the support of coase theorem,but it cannot solve the fairness problem.However,in reality,the initial allocation of pollutant discharge rights in pilot areas is mostly beneficial to large and established state-owned enterprises,which is very unfavorable to small and medium-sized enterprises and new entrants.This may easily lead to the strengthening of monopoly power of large enterprises,and the decrease of equilibrium output of the market,which may lead to the reduction of social welfare.Therefore,it is of great significance to explore the impact of emission trading system on the output of enterprises with different emission scales.This paper starts with theoretical analysis.Firstly,based on the market characteristics of industrial enterprises as monopolistic competition market,D-S monopolistic competition framework is used as the basic analysis framework,and the production cost of enterprises is taken as the entry point to analyze the effectiveness of emission trading system for enterprises in pilot areas.Secondly,this article from the perspective of enterprise profit maximization behavior,again in the emissions trading system is analyzed,different discharge scale enterprise to the choice of the ways of reduction,big polluters tend to choose investment cost reduction to cut pollution emission reduction technology,has the scale effect,and small sewage enterprises because amount is small,the lack of investment reduction technology power,often through selecting production costs to reduce pollution.The study found that large polluters not only reduced their emissions but also increased their output,while small polluters reduced their emissions but also reduced their output.After theoretical analysis,this paper uses China's 30 provinces in 2006-2015provincial panel data,in emissions trading policy took effect in 2010 as a cut-off point for natural experiment,and the method of using DID inspection on the emission trading pilot areas pollution reduction effectiveness,as well as the policy of pilot areas of large-scale and small-scale industrial output.The study found that the emission trading policy effectively reduced the emission of industrial SO2gas in the pilot areas,but inhibited the growth of industrial GDP in the pilot areas.From the perspective of enterprise scale,the policy promoted the economic growth of large-scale industrial enterprises in the pilot areas and reduced the economic growth of small-scale industrial enterprises.It only improved the emission reduction efficiency in large-scale industrial enterprises and realized the potter effect.The findings of this paper provide some perspectives for the improvement of the pollutant discharge right system,provide some references for the Chinese government to equalize the initial allocation of the pollutant discharge right,and finally provide some references for the governments of pilot regions in coordinating environmental and economic development. |
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