| In recent years,regional and layout environmental risk accidents occur frequently,which is an important factor restricting human health,environmental safety and national economic development.In the new era,the chemical industry park with industrial agglomeration and infrastructure sharing is the mainstream mode of the healthy development of the chemical industries.It can reduce the operation and management cost to the greatest extent and improve the production safety,but it also exposes problems such as unreasonable site selection,disordered management order and prominent environmental risk,which is one of the areas that need to focus on environmental risk assessment.The traditional assessment method represents the environmental risk as a function of the consequence and possibility of the accident,neglecting the difference between the environmental risk receptors,so it enlarges or reduces the severity of the accident,and the assessment results are difficult to directly serve the management decision makers or the public.Based on this,taking the chemical industry park as an example,this paper constructs a regional environmental risk assessment method based on receptor vulnerability assessment.On the basis of summarizing the development process of environmental risk assessment at home and abroad,as well as the assessment theories and methods,drawing on the research results of vulnerability in the fields of natural disaster,ecosystem,safety engineering,etc.,this paper takes the environmental risk receptor as the disaster bearing body and clarifies the connotation of receptor vulnerability,systematically analyzing the driving mechanism of receptor vulnerability.Finally,it selects the four elements of vulnerability--exposure,sensitivity,resilience and coping ability to construct the conceptual model for vulnerability assessment of environmental receptors.In the specific assessment process,atmospheric environmental risk receptors and water environmental risk receptors are distinguished.18 indicators are selected to construct the vulnerability assessment index system of receptors.Quantitative methods of indicators are pointed out.At the same time,a vulnerability characterization method based on the combination of GIS and AHP is proposed.In view of the established vulnerability assessment method of atmospheric receptors,this paper takes salt chemical industry base as an example,first carrying out the unified identification and analysis of risk sources,risk receptors and hazard pathways in the park,then using the grid method and GIS spatial analysis technology to analyze the vulnerability of atmospheric receptors within five kilometers around the park,calculating the grid vulnerability value,and discussing the atmospheric vulnerability of the park.According to the distribution of body vulnerability,it is found that the center of atmospheric risk field strength in the park is high,the surrounding area is low and radiated,while the distribution of atmospheric receptor vulnerability is not consistent with the distribution of risk field strength.The receptor vulnerability is not necessarily high in the area with high atmospheric risk field strength.Finally,according to the results of vulnerability assessment,the objective and targeted environmental risk management suggestions of the park are put forward,that is,to strengthen the protection of atmospheric sensitive targets in the park,as well as in the southwest and southeast of the park. |
