Study On The Protective Effect Of Astaxanthin On Oxidative Stress And Inflammation Induced By PM_2.5

Objective:This study is conducted to evaluate the effect of astaxanthin on oxidative stress and inflammatory injury caused by fine particulate matter(PM_2.5),and to provide scientific basis for nutritional intervention of susceptible population to injury by PM_2.5exposure in China.Methods:A total of 60 healthy volunteers were recruited in this experimental study.They were all students in university with an age range of20-26 years old.The 60 participants were divided into two groups according to age,sex,body mass index and so on.There were 30 participants in the experimental group and 30 participants in the control group,of which the ratio of male to female was 1:1.The numerical value of PM_2.5was recorded in time during the experiment.The participants in the experimental group were intervened with astaxanthin,while the others were intervened with the placebo for 6 weeks from December 1,2018 to January 13,2019.All participants were required to take astaxanthin or placebo one capsule every day.And all participants were detected blood pressure,heart rate and collected fasting blood 3 times on December 1,2018,December 23,2018 and January 13,2019respectively.The participants were also measured in height and weight on December 1,2018.Obviously,fasting blood was collected in the morning.After that,the oxidative stress indexes in serum which included malondialdehyde?MDA?,superoxide dismutase?SOD?,glutathione peroxidase?GSH-Px?and total antioxidant capacity?T-AOC?were detected by kit;then inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6?IL-6?,tumor necrosis factor-??TNF-??and C-reactive protein?CRP?were detected using ELISA method;and four indicators of blood lipid including triglycerides?TG?,total cholesterol?CHOL?,high density lipoprotein?HDL?and low density lipoprotein?LDL?were detected by the automatic biochemical analyzer.The data was analyzed by SPSS21.0.Results:1. Oxidative stressAccording to repeated measures ANOVA,there was interaction between group and time in MDA concentration and GSH-Px activity?F=5.581,P=0.006;F=3.287,P=0.044?.Compared with the control group,the production of MDA in the experimental group was significantly decreased in the middle and later stage of the experiment?P<0.05?,and it also decreased significantly compared to initial concentration?P<0.05?;while in the control group it did not change significantly?P>0.05?.Compared with the control group,the activity of GSH-Px in the experimental group had no significant difference in the beginning and the middle of the experiment?P>0.05?,but it increased significantly in the later stage of the experiment?P<0.05?.Compared to the activity of GSH-Px before the intervention,the activity in the experimental group did not change significantly?P>0.05?,while in the control group,there was a significant decrease in the later stage of the experiment?P<0.05?.The activity of SOD and T-AOC showed no difference between the experimental group and the control group?P>0.05?.2. Inflammatory factorsAccording to repeated measures ANOVA,there was interaction between group and time in IL-6 concentration?F=4.081,P=0.023?.Compared with the control group,the concentration of IL-6 in the experimental group was significantly decreased in the later stage of the experiment?P<0.05?,and it also decreased significantly compared to initial concentration?P<0.05?;while in the control group it did not show any difference?P>0.05?.The TNF-?and CRP concentration showed no difference between the experimental group and the control group?P>0.05?.3. Blood lipidAccording to repeated measures ANOVA,there was no interaction between group and time in TG,CHOL,HDL and LDL concentration?F=0.213,P=0.765;F=1.006,P=0.372;F=1.245,P=0.295;F=1.372,P=0.262?.Compared with the control group,there was no significant difference in the blood lipid of research participants in the experimental group.Conclusion:Astaxanthin indeed has certain protective effects on oxidative stress and inflammatory damage after exposure to PM_2.5.