Spatial Differentiation And Ecological Patterns Of Urban Agglomeration Based On Evaluations Of Supply And Demand Of Ecosystem Services

Since the 40 years of reform and opening up,the economy of China has developed rapidly.However,the contradiction between man and land are getting worse,which puts forward higher requirements for social and economic development.This paper explores the equilibrium relationship between the supply and demand of ecosystem services taking ecosystem services as the starting point.And it proposes corresponding development proposals to alleviate the spatial heterogeneity and spatial imbalance between the supply and demand of ecosystem services.Thereby it will provide some scientific basis for sustainable development of regional economy.Taking 209 districts and counties in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration as research units,its supply and demand of ecosystem services was separately calculated in this study.With gradient analysis,the spatial characteristics of ecosystem service supply and demand were summarized.Based on the analysis of the supply and demand,an ecological pattern zoning scheme for the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration and targeted development strategies for different parts of the area were proposed,which would provide scientific bases for the land-use planning and regional coordinated development of the area.Results of this research show that:(1)the supply capacity of ecosystem services in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration is closely related to the type of land use,showing a gradual increase from north to south.(2)there is a close connection between the demand for ecosystem services in the area and socioeconomic development,where a high-value area for ecosystem service demand is formed near the estuary of the Yangtze River and then declines toward the periphery;(3)the supply and demand of ecosystem services has a negative trend along the urban–rural gradient that transects across Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou-Hefei.(4)Significant spatial heterogeneity and spatial imbalance exist in the supply and demand of ecosystem services in the districts and counties of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration.(5)Based on the relationship between the supply and demand of ecosystem services,there are very few districts and counties in high supply – high demand zones,with only four;most cities are in high supply – low demand zones and low supply – low demand zones,Almost 3/4 of the total number of studies;about 1/4 of the research units are in the low supply – high demand zone.(6)Based on the above analysis,the ecological pattern of urban agglomeration in the Yangtze River Delta can be divided into four zones: an ecological conservation area(high supply-high demand),an ecological restoration area(low supply-high demand),an ecological remodeling area(low supply-low demand),and an ecological development area(high supply-low demand).And we propose differentiated development strategies for the division of each area...