| Objective By monitoring the distribution rule and change trend of Pb Cd Hg and As in 5 kinds of food sold in Lu'an city from 2013 to 2016 in the main dietary food,this paper finds out the difference between high pollution food categories and the difference between detection rates in different years;Meanwhile,five different health risk assessment models were used to evaluate the health risk of heavy metals ingested by people in Lu'an city,providing reference basis for the next food monitoring plan and risk control.Methods According to the food risk monitoring program of Anhui province,the food products sold in Lu'an city mainly include grains,vegetables,aquatic products,fruits and meat,etc;The contents of Pb,Cd,Hg and As in the samples were determined by reference to the standard method.Excel 2007 was used to collate the data,and SPSS16.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis of chi-square test,with the indicators including mean value and detection rate;At the same time,the health risk of heavy metals ingested by diet in Lu 'an city was quantitatively assessed by referring to five evaluation models,such as single-factor pollution index method,nemero comprehensive pollution index method,safety limit method,target hazard coefficient method,and exposure dose-response extrapolation model.Results(1)The mean value of Pb in grains was 0.064mg/kg,the detection rate was 46.9%,and the unqualified rate was 8.2%.Meat was 0.004mg/kg,4.9% and 0.0% respectively;The aquatic products were 0.029mg/kg,36.7% and 1.7% respectively.Vegetables were 0.055mg/kg,53.2% and 7.2% respectively;Fruits were 0.017mg/kg,41.9%,2.3%,respectively(2)The mean value of Cd in grain was 0.071mg/kg,the detection rate was 93.9%,and the unqualified rate was 0.0%;The mean value of Cd of meat was 0.045mg/kg,the detection rate was 49.2%,and the unqualified rate was 0.0%.The average Cd content of aquatic products was 0.016mg/kg,the detection rate was 28.3%,and the unqualified rate was 0.0%.The mean value of Cd in vegetables was 0.016mg/kg,the detection rate was 70.3%,and the unqualified rate was 3.6%.The average fruit Cd content was 0.002mg/kg,the detection rate was 53.5%,and the unqualified rate was 0.0%.(3)The mean value of Hg in grains was 0.003mg/kg,the detection rate was 59.2%,and the unqualified rate was 0.0%.The mean value of Hg in meat was 0.004mg/kg,the detection rate was 47.5%,and the unqualified rate was 0.0%.The mean value of Hg in aquatic products was 0.022mg/kg,and the detection rate was 95.2%.The mean Hg content of vegetables was 0.001mg/kg,the detection rate was 41.4%,and the unqualified rate was 0.0%.The mean value of Hg in fruits was 0.002mg/kg,and the detection rate was 76.7%.(4)The mean value of As in grains was 0.092mg/kg,the detection rate was 81.6%,and the unqualified rate was 0.0%;The mean value of As in meat was 0.041mg/kg,the detection rate was 11.5%,and the unqualified rate was 3.3%.The mean value of As in aquatic products was 0.096mg/kg,and the detection rate was 71.0%.The mean value of As in vegetables was 0.036mg/kg,the detection rate was 47.7%,and the unqualified rate was 0.0%.The mean value of As in fruits was 0.008mg/kg,and the detection rate was 27.9%.(5)Statistical analysis was conducted on the detection rate and mean value of 5 kinds of food in Lu'an city in different years.There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate between different years in grain Pb,Hg in meat,Pb and As in aquatic products,Pb,Hg and As in vegetables,and 4 heavy metals in fruits The mean value also varies from year to year.(6)The results of risk assessment,such as single-factor pollution index method,nemero comprehensive pollution index method and safety limit method,are all less than 1 and at a safe level.The result of evaluation by the method of target hazard coefficient: THQ arsenic >1 in grains is 2.2470,and the rest THQ is less than 1,The highest composite health risk of the four heavy metals was 2.9663 in grains and 0.9807 in vegetables.Results of the exposure dose-response extrapolation model: The risk of carcinogen Cd ranged from 7.05×10-8 to 4.53×10-5(a-1),the risk of carcinogen As ranged from 6.93×10-7 to 1.44×10-4(a-1),the risk of non-carcinogen Pb ranged from 1.63×10-8 to 1.30×10-6(a-1),and the risk of non-carcinogen Hg ranged from 2.70×10-8 to 7.33×10-7(a-1),and the average annual total risk ranged from 8.10×10-7 to 1.91×10-4(a-1)Conclusion(1)Regarding Lu'an five kinds of food in total heavy metal Pb,Cd,Hg,As a whole there is a heavy metal pollution situation,especially grain,vegetables,fruits,aquatic products of heavy metal Pb,the heavy metal in vegetables Cd and heavy metals in the meat of the As always exists excessive pollution situation,the corresponding monitoring should be strengthened,the rest of the categories of food pollution of heavy metals in the overweight,at safe levels.(2)There are some differences in the detection rate of some heavy metals in 5 kinds of food in different years in Lu'an city,and the differences are statistically significant.There is a certain correlation between the average value and the detection rate,and the average value of heavy metals with high detection rate is larger.We should strengthen the monitoring of heavy metals whose detection rate increases year by year and the average value increases,such as Hg in meat,Pb in vegetables and Hg in total.(3)In terms of health risk assessment,under the condition of only referring to the limited value or tentative weekly intake assessment,the heavy metal intake risks of 5 types of food in lu 'an are all at a safe and clean level.Reference groups intake,reference dose value,goal in life expectancy(70)of accumulative total of cancer health risks of heavy metals,regarding luan grain THQ arsenic and four kinds of heavy metal compound risk exists long-term intake have a negative impact on health possibility is very large,but there have not reached chronic toxic effect,vegetables composite risk value is close to 1,risk also need to be vigilant.The accumulation of 4 heavy metals in grain As and grain in lu 'an city has obvious health risks,and relevant government departments should pay attention to it and take corresponding control measures. |
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