Case-crossover Study Of Air Pollutants Impact On Hospital Admissions For Cardiovascular Diseases In Taiyuan City

Objective:To describe the spatial and temporal distribution of air pollutants in Taiyuan.To explore the impact of air pollutants on the admission of cardiovascular diseases in residents,and provide scientific basis for the treatment of air pollution and the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in residents.Methods:Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to collect daily average concentrations of atmospheric pollutants in Taiyuan from 2013 to 2015,as well as meteorological data over the same period.Describe the temporal and spatial distribution of air pollution in Taiyuan,analyze the AQI changes of air quality in Taiyuan,and combine the meteorological data to analyze the relationship between atmospheric pollutants and meteorological elements,and compare the changes in the distribution of air pollutants in Taiyuan.At the same time,the data of cardiovascular hospital admissions in Taiyuan City from 2013 to 2015 were collected,and the case-crossover study method was used to compare the effects of atmospheric pollutants on cardiovascular hospital admissions and explore the lagging effects of atmospheric pollutants on cardiovascular diseases.At the same time,hierarchical analysis was performed according to factors such as gender,age,and season to construct a multi-factor model.Explore the health effects of atmospheric pollutants on cardiovascular disease.Results:1.The number of air pollution days（AQI> 100）in Taiyuan City,Shanxi Province from 2013 to 2015 was 497 days,accounting for 45.39%.The primary air pollutant in Taiyuan was PM2.5,a total of 499 days,accounting for 45.57%.The air quality of Taiyuan City in 2015 was better than in 2013 and 2014.The concentrations of main air pollutants SO₂,PM10,CO and PM2.5 in Taiyuan City were lower than those of 2013 and 2014 in 2015,and the concentrations of NO₂ and O3 were higher than those of 2014 and 2015.2.2013-2015 AQI monitoring the highest point Kim Seung monitoring points,the lowest for Nanzhai monitoring points;the highest concentration of SO₂ pollutant monitoring point for the city dock,the lowest for the South Village,South City pollution monitoring sites the average concentration North District above;highest NO₂,CO,PM10,O3 and PM2.5 monitoring points Seung concentrations of pollutants,the lowest concentration higher than the average North District Nanzhai pollution monitoring point,South city.3.Among the major air pollutants in Taiyuan City,Shanxi Province from 2013 to 2015,the seasonal changed of SO₂,PM10,CO,and PM2.5,and the seasonal changes of pollutant concentrations were basically consistent with the seasonal changes of AQI,all of which were high in winter and low in summer;and The seasonal changes of NO₂ and O3 were opposite to the changes of AQI,which were high in summer and low in winter.The highest values of AQI,SO₂,PM10,CO,and PM2.5 appeared on the 21 st to the 23 rd of the end of each month,the highest daily average concentration of NO₂ appeared on the 13 th,and the highest average value of O3 concentration appeared on the 16th;AQI The lowest daily average values of SO₂,SO₂,NO₂,PM10,CO and PM2.5 all appeared on the 12 th,and the lowest average values of O3 concentration appeared on the 11 th.The highest values of AQI,SO₂,NO₂,PM10,CO,and PM2.5 appeared on Saturday,and the highest daily concentrations of O3 appeared on Sunday;the lowest values of daily average concentrations of AQI,SO₂,and NO₂ appeared on Sunday;PM10 and CO The lowest value of the average concentration appeared on Wednesday,and the lowest value of the O3 concentration appeared on Friday.4.2013-2015 AQI of Taiyuan City has a negative correlation with temperature（P <0.05）,and the higher the temperature,the better the air quality.PM10,PM2.5,SO₂,and CO all have a negative correlation with temperature.As the temperature increased,the pollutant concentration also decreased.O3 was positively correlated with temperature（P <0.05）.As the temperature increased,the concentration of O3 also increased.Under the condition of-10≤t <0 ℃,the number of days with air quality above mild pollution was the most.AQI was negatively correlated with wind speed（P <0.05）,the higher the wind speed,the better the air quality.PM10,PM2.5,SO₂,NO₂,and CO all had a negative correlation with wind speed.As the wind speed increased,the pollutant concentration also decreased.O3 was positively correlated with wind speed（P <0.05）.With the increase of wind speed,the concentration of O3 also increases.Under the condition of 1.0≤WS <2.0m / s,the number of days with pollution level above mild pollution is the most.AQI has a negative correlation with visibility（P <0.05）,that is,the higher the visibility,the better the air quality.PM10,PM2.5,SO₂,NO₂,and CO all have a negative correlation with visibility.As the visibility increased,the concentration of pollutants also decreased.O3 had a positive correlation with visibility（P <0.05）.With the increase of visibility,the concentration of O3 also increased.In the case of visibility level 2 ≤ VISIB <4 kilometers,the number of days with air quality level above mild pollution was the most.5.SO₂,PM10,CO,O3,and PM2.5 could increased the number of patients with cardiovascular disease admission（P <0.05）.The best lag time for admission was lag3,lag3,lag5,lag0,and lag4 days.Pollutants When the concentration increased by 10 μg/m3,the number of patients admitted to cardiovascular disease was 1.093 times,1.023 times,1.005 times,1.121 times,and 1.067 times when the pollutant concentrations were not increased.6.SO₂,NO₂,PM10,CO,O3,and PM2.5 could increase the number of patients with cardiovascular diseases admitted to the elderly group（P <0.05）,and the best lags for admission were lag3,lag0,lag0,and lag0,respectively.On days of lag2,lag2 and lag2,when the concentration of pollutants increased by 10 μg/m3,the number of patients admitted to cardiovascular disease was 1.088 times,1.028 times,1.130 times,1.064 times,1.123 times,and 1.012 times when the pollutant concentrations did not increase.SO₂,NO₂,PM10,CO,O3,and PM2.5 could increase the number of patients with cardiovascular disease admitted to the lower age group（P <0.05）,and the best lags for admission were lag2,lag0,lag3,lag1,and lag0.With lag2 days,for every 10 μg/m3 increased in pollutant concentration,the number of patients admitted to cardiovascular disease was 1.019 times,1.153 times,1.023 times,1.108 times,1.071 times,and 1.039 times when the pollutant concentrations were not increased.7.SO₂,NO₂,PM10,O3,and PM2.5 all could increase the number of patients with cardiovascular disease admitted to the male population（P <0.05）.The best lag time for admission was lag4,lag3,lag4,lag1,and lag4 days.For every 10μg/m3 increased in pollutant concentration,the number of patients admitted to cardiovascular disease was 1.179 times,1.066 times,1.007 times,1.121 times,and 1.020 times when the pollutant concentrations were not increased.SO₂,PM10,CO,and PM2.5 could increase the number of patients with cardiovascular disease admitted to the female population（P <0.05）,and the best lags for admission were lag3,lag5,lag0,and lag2 days,with each increase in pollutant concentration At 10 μg/m3,the number of admitted patients with cardiovascular disease was 1.114 times,1.129 times,1.017 times,and 1.013 times when the pollutant concentration did not increased.8.Under the combined action of SO₂,PM10,and PM2.5,the number of patients admitted to cardiovascular disease was 1.044 times that when the concentration of SO₂ was not increased by 10 μg/m3（OR = 1.044,OR95% CI: 1.003-1.061）;PM2.5 under the combined effect of PM10 and SO₂,when the PM2.5 concentration increased by 10 μg/m3,the number of patients admitted to cardiovascular disease was 1.051 times that when the pollutant concentration had not increased（OR = 1.051,OR95% CI: 1.021-1.131）;Under the combined effect of PM2.5 and PM10,when the PM2.5 concentration increased by 10 μg/m3,the number of patients admitted to cardiovascular disease was 1.021 times that when the pollutant concentration did not increased（OR = 1.021,OR95% CI: 1.001-1.056）;PM10 When combined with PM2.5 and SO₂,for each 10 μg/m3 increased in PM10 concentration,the number of patients admitted for cardiovascular disease was 1.037 times that when the pollutant concentration was not increased（OR = 1.037,OR95% CI: 1.001-1.038）.Conclusions:1.From 2013 to 2015,the number of days of air pollution（air quality grade is light pollution and above）in Taiyuan City decreased year by year,and the days with good air quality increased year by year.2.The concentration of air pollutants in Taiyuan changed periodically and had weekly effect.3.The concentration of atmospheric pollutants was related to temperature,wind speed and visibility.4.Air pollution increased the risk of admission for cardiovascular disease.This risk had a certain lag effect.The lag effect of different air pollutants is different.5.The effect of air pollutants on cardiovascular disease hospitalization in Taiyuan is related to seasons.There was no significant difference in the effect of air pollutants on cardiovascular disease hospitalization in different age and gender groups.6.There was a joint effect of atmospheric pollutants on the cardiovascular disease of residents.