Research On Preparation And Properties Of Degradable Jute Fiber Nonwoven Materials For Agricultural Applications

In recent years,domestic agriculture and forestry have developed rapidly,the total output value of agriculture and forestry in 2018 was 6145.26 billion yuan,an increase of 6.1% compared with 2017.Due to the special structure of non-woven fabrics,it is very suitable for application in agriculture,but the application of agricultural nonwovens in China is only 10% of that in developed countries.The disadvantages of agricultural non-woven materials on the market are that the low wet strength and difficult to degrade.Therefore,research and development of agricultural non-woven materials are a major issue that needs to be solved urgently.The research will focus on two agricultural nonwoven materials,rice seedling film and planting bag.For the seedling raising film,in order to verify the promotion effect of the hemp seedling raising film on rice,this dissertation prepared 100 sheets of 35�35cm seedling raising film in accordance with the preparation method of the seedling raising film established before,and a control planting experiment is carried out in Zhangpu.Through the comparison of the quality of roots,the thousand-grain weight of rice and the yield per unit area,the actual application effect of the hemp seedling film was evaluated.The planting experiment showed that after the seedlings were raised with hemp seedlings,the roots developed better,but the height of seedling was slightly lower.In addition,the use of hemp seedlings to raise seedlings has little effect on the 1000-grain weight of rice,but it can significantly increase the total yield per unit area.For hemp planting bags,this dissertation uses two different processes to prepare planting bag materials.For the preparation of the baseless planting bag material,firstly use polyvinyl acetate and acrylic as the adhesive,spray the adhesive on the hemp fiber net by spray bonding method,and finally dry by hot air;The preparation procedure of the fabric-based planting bag material is to cover a layer of hemp fiber net on the plain woven fabric,and to reinforce the composite fiber web by needle punching,and then spray the 1.5% carboxymethyl starch solution on one side for hot air drying.Then,cotton sewing thread and lock stitch are used to sew the planting bag material to produce hemp planting bag.The strength requirement range of the planting bag was estimated according to industry standards,and the performance evaluation methods of hemp planting bag were established,which are tensile breaking strength,bursting strength,water absorption performance,thickness weight and aging degradation performance.By exploring the influence of different process parameters on the performance of the planting bag material,the tensile breaking strength of the baseless planting bag material is affected by the type,concentration,sizing rate and 1% concentration of epichlorohydrin resin(PAE).It is found that acrylic solution is more suitable as a binder than polyvinyl acetate,and PAE can effectively increase the wet strength;the tensile strength and thickness of the fabric-based planting bag material are affected by the type of base fabric and the density of warp and weft density.The strength of the fabric-based planting bag material mainly comes from the base fabric.Needle punching process will slightly reduce the strength.The use of cotton base fabric to prepare the planting bag material is thinner and lighter,which is conducive to degradation and cost reduction.Compared with the polypropylene planting bag commonly available in the market,the bursting strength of the planting bag materials prepared by this dissertation are lower,but they can meet the normal requirements of the standards;and the water retention performance are better,and the water absorption weight are also significantly improved,which can effectively delay the outflow of water.And the bag body can absorb and store a certain amount of moisture,but the polypropylene non-woven planting bag cannot.According to the set aging and degradation test,the strength of the fabric-based planting bag material was placed in the open air for 180 days,the strength drop was not obvious,and it still met the strength requirements of the planting bag material.Moreover,the degradation weight loss rate of the material in the soil is positively correlated with time.The 15-day degradation weight loss rate of the baseless planting bag material reaches 27.0%;the 15-day degradation weightlessness rate of the fabricbased planting bag material reaches 37.0%,and its strength drops quickly first,then tends to be flat.Therefore,the material is degradable and has the ability to degrade quickly.The seedling-raising film prepared in this dissertation can obviously promote the root development of rice and increase the yield per mu.Compared with polypropylene non-woven planting bags on the market,the hemp planting bags have better water absorption performance,light resistance and aging resistance,and are degradable.