| In the modern aluminum electrolytic industry,the anode steel claw is an essential part of the anode working group of the aluminum electrolytic cell.It has been used in high-temperature acidic corrosive atmosphere for a long time.It is one of the parts with a high loss rate in the aluminum electrolytic process.Its failure and replacement have brought high economic losses to electrolytic aluminum enterprises.At the same time,electrolytic aluminum is a well-known large consumer of energy,and it is essential to reduce energy consumption during production.In order to improve the problem of inward bending of anode steel claws and energy saving,ANSYS finite element numerical simulation software is used.Firstly,a three-dimensional geometric model of the anode working group is established.Its material parameters are measured and material properties are assigned.Secondly,taking the actual working temperature and current as boundary conditions,the finite element mesh is divided.The temperature field,electric field and stress field of the anode working group are simulated.Based on this,the structure of the ano de working group was improved by changing the material of the steel claw and adding rib plate structure and the anode energy-saving device.The stress-strain response and electric field response of the anode working group under different structures were obtained.The influence of the optimized structure on the anode working group was analyzed.Through comparative analysis,it can be seen that the bending deformation of the cast steel claw is 6.9 mm and the bending deformation of the carbon steel claw is 5.5 mm.Compared with cast steel claws,the deformation of carbon steel claws is reduced by 25%.On this basis,the anode steel claw rib plate structure is further increased.The anode steel claw shin plate can effectively improve the deformation of the anode steel claw and suppress the anode steel claw inward bending.The rib plate with a depth of 110 mm obtained the best results in optimizing the mechanical behavior of the anode steel claw.The amount of unilateral initial deformation changed from 5.5mm to 4.5mm,a decrease of 18%.After the anode steel claw shin plate is added,the current uniformity of the steel claw is further increased,which can reduce the voltage drop of the anode working group.The anode working group with the tibial plate depth of 110 mm had the largest overall voltage drop,from 225.5 mV to 223.84 mV,a decrease of 2.2 mV,and an overall decrease of 0.98%.To sum up,in terms of comprehensive economic benefits and construction convenience,adding a 110 mm depth of shin on the anode steel claw can achieve the best results in energy saving and deformation prevention,while also reducing the labor intensity of workers and improving the quality of the pouring surface.At the same time,the anode steel claw energy-saving fixture structure is added,which can effectively reduce the voltage drop of the anode working group.The fixture with the lowest total voltage drop is an anode fixture structure with a height of 80 mm and a total voltage of 198.96 mV.Compared with the steel claw without a fixture,the voltage drop is reduced by 28.13 mV and the overall voltage drop is reduced by 12.4%.At the same time,the current uniformity of the steel claw increases,and the direction of current flow from the center to the center of the steel claw evenly flow s.The current distribution of the carbon block changed from the original "funnel" shape to a slightly arc-shaped stable distribution.The overall operation of the electrolytic cell is more stable.The consumption of the carbon block is also more uniform,an d it is not easy to form the iron ring sticking claw phenomenon due to the current bias.In order to verify the reliability of numerical simulation analysis,the deformation,electric field and temperature field of the steel claw were measured in actual production.It is concluded by comparison that the numerical simulation results are consistent with the actual production results,and the data difference is within the error range,indicating that the numerical simulation method can provide guidance for actual production. |
