Studies On Synthesis Of Energetic Ionic Compounds Derived From Triaminoguanidine

The triaminoguanidine energetic ionic compounds have high heat of formation because of their high nitrogen content.The compounds product a lot of gas,and the generated gas will not pollute the environment what makes them have good application prospects.In this thesis,some triaminoguanidine energetic ionic compounds with excellent performance were designed and synthesized,which is described in the following two parts:?1?Studies on synthesis of triaminoguanidine salts based on oxadiazole3-?5'-amino-3'-diazenyl-1',2',4'-oxadiazol?-5-one-1,2,4-oxadiazol?45?and3,3'-Azo-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5,5'-dione?46?were synthesized by using sodium dicyanamide as the raw material,via cyclization,coupling and nitrification reaction.Their single crystals were cultivated by slow evaporation and determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction.2,2'-bi?1,3,4-oxadiazole?-5,5'-dinitramide was synthesized by using oxalylhydrazide as the raw material,via cyclization and nitrification reaction.Its triaminoguanidine salt?49?was synthesized by metathesis reaction.The structures of compounds 45⁴9 were characterized and confirmed.The thermal stability and sensitivity were tested and the detonation performance was predicted by theoretical calculations.The results showed that the decomposition temperature of compound 45 reached 290.01?.The detonation performance of compounds 45,46 and 49 was better than TNT,and they were all insensitive which indicated that they might have potential application value.?2?Studies on synthesis of triaminoguanidine salts based on furazan4,4'-dinitramide-3,3'-azo-furazan?51?was synthesized by using glyoxal as the raw material,viacyclization,couplingandnitrificationreaction.3-nitroamino-4-?5-nitroamino-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl?-furazan?54?was synthesized by using ethyl cyanoacetate as the raw material,via cyclization,esterification,cyclization and nitrification reaction.4,4'-?[5,5'-bi?1,2,4-oxadiazole?]-3,3'-diyl?-bis?1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-nitramide??57?was synthesized by using malononitrile as the raw material,via cyclization and nitrification reaction.Their triaminoguanidine salts?52,55 and 58?were synthesized by metathesis reaction.The single crystal of compound 58 was cultivated by slow evaporation and determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction.The structures of the compounds were characterized and confirmed.The thermal stability and sensitivity were tested and the detonation performance was predicted by theoretical calculations.The results showed that three triaminoguanidine salts were all insensitive and had good thermal stability.The heat of formation of compounds 52 and 58 was higher than1000 kJ·mol^-1.The detonation velocity of compounds 52,55 and 58 was higher than 8000m·s^-1.The detonation performance of compounds 52 was better than RDX.The combustion process of compounds 52 and 58 was investigated using high-speed photography.Compound52 was also studied for priming ability and detonation performance.The results showed that52 could detonate RDX well and it could be detonated by Pb?N₃?₂.