Preparation Of Functional Composite Sponge And Its Application In Oil-Water Separation

In recent years,with the increase of oil spill accidents and the large discharge of oily wastewater,oil pollution has seriously threatened human health and even influenced the sustainable development of society.The development of oil pollution treatment technology is inseparable from the support of novel high-performance materials.Porous material has the advantages of convenience to use,no secondary pollution and easy recycling,which is considered to be an ideal oil pollution adsorbent.Therefore,how to obtain oil pollution adsorbents with good oil-water selectivity,high adsorption capacity and low economic cost has aroused extensive attention from researchers in various countries.In this work,two kinds of functional composite sponges were designed and prepared.And their morphology,properties and applications were analyzed and researched,simultaneously.The specific research content is as follows:Firstly,the composite structure of GO layer and melamine?M?sponge skeleton was obtained from self-assembly of GO on the surface of M sponge.Then the GO-M composite sponge was modified by trimethyl chlorosilane?TMCS?and the hydrophobic TMCS-GO-M composite sponge was obtained.Secondly,the surface of polyurethane?PU?sponge was coated with Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles by ultrasonic dip-coating to obtain PU@Fe₃O₄ composite sponge.Then the self-initiated photografting and photopolymerization?SIPGP?of styrene?St?on the surface of PU@Fe₃O₄sponge was initiated by UV light and a superhydrophobic PU@Fe₃O₄@PS composite sponge with magnetic response characteristic was obtained.Thirdly,the characterization techniques of SEM,TGA,VSM,WCA,etc.were carried out to analyze and research the morphology and properties of TMCS-GO-M composite sponge and PU@Fe₃O₄@PS composite sponge,indicating the effect of microscopic composite coarse structure on the performance of composite sponge.The thermal stability and magnetic response characteristic provide a theoretical basis for the application and recovery of composite sponge in practical environments.Through the evaluation of oil adsorption capacity and recycling performance,it is proved that they have high oil adsorption capacity and excellent reusability.Finally,as-prepared sponges were applied as the oil adsorbents and the practical application researches were carried out.Oil adsorption separation experiments in the water surface and under water were simulated respectively.Then,as-prepared sponges were combined with a peristaltic pump or a vacuum pump,and a continuous oil-water separation test was performed,showing high oil-water selectivity and separation rate.Therefore,TMCS-GO-M composite sponge and PU@Fe₃O₄@PS composite sponge are expected to be widely used in practical oil pollution treatment in the future.