Ecosystem Services And Tourist Perception Assessment Of Typical National Wetland Parks In Gansu Province

As an important part of the natural reserve system,national wetland park plays an important role in the national ecological pattern construction.How to better improve the ecological environment protection effect of the national wetland park,and give full play to its regional demonstration role in wetland resource protection and wetland science popularization and education,has increasingly become a hot spot in the academic circles.The landscape pattern helps to understand the synergistic adaptation relationship between the various interference factors and the natural environment.The ecosystem service value can reflect the efficiency of the allocation and combination of wetland landscape types within a certain time and space.Research on the landscape spatial-temporal transformation pattern,ecological service value structure and composition of national wetland parks,and the perception of tourists,which can help to evaluate the performance of resource protection and sustainable use of wetland park.In view of this,this paper takes Zhangye National Wetland Park,Qinwangchuan National Wetland Park and Jinchang Jinshui Lake National Wetland Park distributed of Gansu Province as examples.On the basis of field research,3S technology was used to study the landscape composition and change law of three national wetland parks from 2007 to 2017,using equivalent factor method to estimate the service value of the national wetland park ecosystem.Using entropy method and IPA analysis method to evaluate tourists' perception from the aspects of environment,service,education and cost.Based on the national wetland park construction management regulations,this paper summarizes the existing problems in the ecological environment construction management of national wetland park,and puts forward some countermeasures and Suggestions to improve the ecological environment quality of national wetland park.It provides a theoretical basis for the optimization of land resources allocation,ecosystem protection and popularization and education of national wetland parks in ecologically fragile areas.(1)Through a comparative analysis of the landscape pattern of wetland parks,this paper finds: Woodland and wetland are the dominant landscape types of Zhangye National Wetland Park,Qinwangchuan National Wetland Park and Jinchang Jinshui Lake National Wetland Park.From 2007 to 2017,the grassland,unused land andcultivated land in Zhangye national wetland park,the unused land and cultivated land in Qinwangchuan national wetland park and the grassland,wetland,cultivated land and unused land in Jinchang Jinshui lake national wetland park showed a significant trend of decline,while the other land use types showed a trend of increase to varying degrees.Regarding the changes in the spatial distribution of landscape types,from2007 to 2017,wetlands were basically transferred,and most of the sources of transfer were cultivated land and unused land;grassland transfer in Zhangye National Wetland Park changed drastically,mainly converted into wetlands;The change of forest land in Zhangye National Wetland Park is relatively smooth.In Qinwangchuan National Wetland Park and Jinchang Jinshui Lake National Wetland Park,the transfer is more violent,and the source of the transfer is cultivated land and unused land.(2)From the perspective of landscape level,with the continuous construction and improvement of the wetland park,the fragmentation of the landscape pattern gradually weakens,the shape of the landscape is complicated,the landscape heterogeneity is enhanced,and the landscape type is in a balanced trend;From the perspective of patch type level,the forest land,wetland and construction land in Zhangye National Wetland Park,the forest land,grassland,wetland and construction land in Qinwangchuan National Wetland Park,the number of forest land and construction land in Jinchang Jinshui Lake National Wetland Park are constantly increasing Increased,the degree of fragmentation of the patch landscape affected by man-made disturbances continues to increase,patch connectivity decreases,and landscape heterogeneity continues to increase.(3)This paper uses the equivalent factor method to evaluate the ecosystem service value of wetland parks and finds that: From 2007 to 2017,the total ecosystem service value of Zhangye National Wetland Park,Qinwangchuan National Wetland Park and Jinchang Jinshui Lake National Wetland Park both increased significantly,increasing by 215.98%,206.78% and 19.52%;From 2007 to 2017,the value of wetland ecosystem services in Zhangye National Wetland Park and Qinwangchuan National Wetland Park showed a significant increase trend,while in Jinchang Jinshui Lake National Wetland Park showed a decreasing trend,a decrease of 33.93%;The value of forestland ecosystem services is increasing in all three wetland parks,increasing by 85.58%,100% and 100% respectively;Cultivated land and unused land showed a downward trend in three parks to varying degrees.(4)Supply services,regulation services and support services in the four generalservice values are increasing in all three national wetland parks,cultural services are increasing in Zhangye National Wetland Park and Qinwangchuan National Wetland Park,and in Jinchang Jinshui Lake National Wetland Park The trend is decreasing.Among the 11 categories of individual values,the hydrological adjustment,water resource supply,climate adjustment,aesthetic landscape and biodiversity are in the forefront of the value contribution rate in Zhangye National Wetland Park and Qinwangchuan National Wetland Park;Food production in Qinwangchuan National Wetland Park,water resources supply,hydrological regulation and aesthetic value value in Jinchang Jinshui Lake National Wetland Park showed a decreasing trend.(5)Tourists' satisfaction with the overall construction of the three wetland parks is ranked as follows: Zhangye National Wetland Park > Jinchang Jinshui Lake National Wetland Park>Qinwangchuan National Wetland Park.This article uses the IPA analysis method to evaluate and discover the tourists' perceptions,The ranking of tourists' perception of the environment of the three wetland parks is as follows:Zhangye National Wetland Park>Qinwangchuan National Wetland Park>Jinchang Jinshui Lake National Wetland Park;The ranking of service perception evaluation is:Zhangye National Wetland Park > Jinchang Jinshui Lake National Wetland Park >Qinwangchuan National Wetland Park;The ranking of education perception evaluation is: Zhangye National Wetland Park = Qinwangchuan National Wetland Park = Jinchang Jinshui Lake National Wetland Park.The three wetland parks have low satisfaction in some aspects,such as environmental and ecological health,landscape construction,quality of service personnel,scientific popularization and education capacity,and construction of tourism service information system.It is a place where wetland parks will need to focus on human,material and financial resources in the future.(6)For the reverse succession of landscape types,the fragmentation of landscape patches,the slowdown of the growth of the value of landscape ecosystem services,and the need to improve the utilization and development of tourism resources.From optimizing land use methods,rationally adjusting the landscape pattern,strengthening ecological environmental protection and monitoring,establishing an ecological security early warning system,improving the quality and quality of service personnel,strengthening science education and publicity,enriching tourism activities,building a corresponding tourism information service system and improving management Corresponding optimization suggestions were made in terms of level andstrengthening of publicity.