| In recent years,with the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization,the contradiction between ecological environmental protection and economic development has become increasingly prominent,moreover the destruction of ecological environment and the shortage of land resources has occurred continuously,which has aroused people's great attention.Strengthening ecological environmental protection and optimizing the spatial pattern of land has become an urgent requirement for further promoting the construction of ecological civilization.As an important carrier of land space,ecological space is scientifically identified and deeply analyzed its ecological environment,which is of great significance for constructing its management and control system,improving the quality of ecological environment and rational use of natural ecological resources.Chishui River Basin is an important ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China.In this basin,natural resources are abundant and vegetation coverage is high.It is very important to protect the ecological environment of the basin to ensure the water security of the cities along the middle and lower reaches of the basin and maintain the sustainable and healthy economic development.Based on the above considerations,this paper takes Chishui River Basin in Guizhou as the study area,under the guidance of ecological space theory and sustainable development theory,combined with the environmental characteristics and main ecological problems of the basin,carries out the evaluation of the importance of ecological protection.Then the data of prohibited development zones and other protected areas is added for identifying and clarifying the ecological space of the basin in Guizhou and to explore its spatial distribution and ecological assets,and put forward suggestions for ecological space management and control.This provides a scientific basis for the sustainable and healthy development of the Chishui River Basin.The main results are as follows:(1)In this paper,five indexes,namely,the sensitivity of soil and water loss,the sensitivity of stony desertification reflective panel,the importance of water resource conservation,soil and water conservation and biodiversity conservation,are selected to construct the evaluation index system of ecological protection importance in the study area,and the scope of important areas of ecological protection in river basin is defined.ArcGIS software is used to collate and vectored identify the present data of natural resources in the basin,and the specific directory and vector database of the prohibited development zone and other protected places in the study area is obtained.The areas of important ecological protection zones,prohibited development zones and other protected areas are highly overlapping and distributed in the downstream areas of the basin.The evaluation results are in line with the actual situation,providing a scientific basis for the comprehensive identification of ecological space.(2)The important areas,prohibited development zones and other protected areas of ecological protection are important components of ecological space in the study area.The leading functions of all kinds of regions and the differences of spatial distribution provide the basis for the identification and classification of ecological space.Based on the comprehensive consideration of the functional characteristics of various regional structures and in combination with the development needs of the basin,this paper constructs a comprehensive identification scheme of ecological space in the study area.It was concluded that the ecological space area of the study area is 5759.92km~2,accounting for 50.08%of the total area of the basin,which is divided into core ecological space and other ecological spaces,in which the core ecological space dominates.Among the various types of ecological space in the basin,other protected areas are distributed the most,mainly from the public forest and natural forest.The main functions of watershed ecological space are water conservation and water and soil conservation.The ecological spatial distribution of the study area is restricted by natural resources and urban development,which is unevenly distributed in all administrative regions.Among them,Chishui city has the largest ecological spatial area,accounting for 20.91%of the total ecological spatial area of the study area.Generally,the ecological spatial distribution of the basin shows an increasing trend from upstream to downstream,in which the ecological space area of the lower reaches of the basin is the largest,the area is2384.91km~2,and the distribution is concentrated and connected,and the ecological advantages are obvious.(3)According to the results of ecological space evaluation,the ecological space in 2016 was 18.634 billion yuan,accounting for 65.46%of the whole basin.The unit area of the ecological space is obviously higher than the non-ecological space,and the core ecological space is also higher than others,which can show that the identification results of the ecological space are reasonable,and can provide the scientific basis for the protection and sustainable development of the ecological environment in the study area.(4)Based on the results of ecological space identification in the study area,this paper discusses the suggestions of differential management and control.According to the specific management and control unit of ecological space,following the principles of ecological protection priority,differentiation and dynamic management and control,fully considering the ecological protection grade and leading function characteristics of the ecological space of the basin,drawing up the ecological space control list based on the corresponding management regulations.With the discussion of the control measures of ecological space in Chishui River basin(Guizhou section),those above can provide some reference for improving the ecological protection system of Chishui River basin. |
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