Preparation And Application Of Catalyst For Heavy Oil Catalytic Upgrading And Viscosity Reduction

With the continuous development of the world economy and indust ry,conventional energy reserves have been unable to meet the needs of economic development.In this paper,nano-Fe₃O₄ catalyst and Mg₃Y₂Ge₃O₁₂:Bi³⁺/Ti O₂ photocatalysis system were designed and prepared to be used in the reaction of heavy oil catalytic upgrading and viscosity redu ction.Nano-Fe₃O₄ catalyst is a kind of trans spinel structure,which contains Fe²⁺and Fe³⁺at the same time.With the decrease of its size,it changes from multi domain structure to single domain structure.The ratio of surface atom number to total atom number increases,the specific surface area increases sharply,and the atom coordination can not meet the high surface energy,resulting in the change of its catalytic activity.In this paper,four kinds of nanometer Fe₃O₄ catalysts with different sizes were prepared by high-temperature pyrolysis and low-temperature two-phase reflux method,which were used in Liaohe oil field.The catalytic activity of nano-Fe₃O₄ catalyst with different sizes in heavy oil catalytic upgrading and viscosity reduction is analyzed,which provides a new research direction for the development of more efficient heavy oil catalytic upgrading and viscosity reduction catalyst.This article also studied,we discover and report a type of Mg₃Y₂Ge₃O₁₂:Bi³⁺crystal that can not only show a highly efficient ultraviolet?UV?luminescence but also be used for reducing the heavy oil viscosity.To fully characterize the photoluminescence?PL?properties of Mg₃Y₂Ge₃O₁₂:Bi³⁺crystal,various techniques,such as X-ray diffraction,scanning electronic microscope,UV–visible diffuse reflectance and PL spectra,are carried out.Our results reveal that the Mg₃Y₂Ge₃O₁₂:Bi³⁺crystal features the particle size at?30?m and an broad Bi3+-related emissionb and peaked at 300 nm upon excitation at 270 nm at the same time.Significantly,although the Mg₃Y₂Ge₃O₁₂:Bi³⁺crystal only show one emissionband,this band can cover almost the whole UV spectral region from290 to 410 nm,allowing this type of crystal to cover the band gap of Ti O₂ semiconductor that has the absorption wavelength of 387 nm and therefore serve as an efficient UV irradiation source for application in thephotocatalytic field.As a result,we have designed a ceramic substrate to verify this application,through mixing the Ti O₂ semiconductor and Mg₃Y₂Ge₃O₁₂:Bi³⁺crystal.Our results reveal that the photocatalytic properties of Mg₃Y₂Ge₃O₁₂:Bi³⁺/Ti O₂-based ceramic can be greatly enhanced for reducing the heavy oil viscosity??4 times?as compared to the heavy oil that does not involve the Mg₃Y₂Ge₃O₁₂:Bi³⁺/Ti O₂-based ceramic.