Study On Viscosity Reduction And Stability Of Heavy Oil Emulsification

With the continuous development of the world,the demand for energy has gradually increased.As the main energy source of the 21 st century,petroleum products play a non-negligible role in different fields.At present,the exploitation of petroleum has entered the third adoption stage.Crude oil is mainly heavy oil,which has the characteristics of high viscosity and complex composition.Scholars have adopted different viscosity reduction methods for this purpose as the development of petroleum products.Among them,chemical viscosity reduction has greater advantages in heavy oil viscosity reduction methods.Emulsifiers compatible with heavy oils can greatly reduce the viscosity of heavy oils.However,in addition to considering the viscosity reduction of heavy oils in the development of heavy oils,the stability of crude oil during the storage and transportation of oils It is also an important consideration in the development process of heavy oil,which has great significance for the safety and economics of pipeline transportation of heavy oil.In this paper,the physical properties of crude oil produced by Lia ohe Oilfield were tested.It belongs to the heavy oil classification in the classification of oil products at home and abroad.Based on this,the emulsions prepared by different single surfactants and Huanxiling heavy oil in Liaohe Oilfield were classified,and the emulsifiers capable of configuring o/w emulsions were screened out.The viscosity-reducing rate of the emulsifiers was also investigated.And the water separation rate of 2h,the optimal single surfactant was determined to be sodium dodec ylbenzenesulfonate.When sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is used as the optimal emulsifier,the viscosity-reducing effect of various emulsification conditions(emulsification temperature,oil-water ratio,and stirring rate)on heavy oil emulsions and its action rule;And the degree of disper sion was used as an evaluation index of emulsion stability.The effects of emulsification conditions(emulsification temperature,oil-water ratio,stirring rate)and minerality on the stability of emulsions were studied,a swell as their regularities.The results show that the increase of tempe rature and the increase of oil-water ratio are conducive to improving the viscosity-reducing effect of heavy oil and are not good to the stability of emulsion.Increasing the stirring rate is not conducive to increasing the viscosity reduction rate of crude oil and is beneficial to the stabil ity of the emulsion.When the NaCl content was used as an index of minerality,it was found that the stability of the emulsion can be impro ved when the mass fraction is 0.2% to 0.4%;a further increase in the mass fraction will reduce the stability of the emulsion.Four factors and three levels of orthogonal experiments were used,with viscosity reduct ion rate,average particle size,and dispersion of the emulsion as three indicators to investigate the viscosity reduction effect and emulsion stabil ity of the emulsion.Emulsifiers with a mass fraction of 4% sodium heavy alkylbenzene sulfonate,4% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 15,1.4% octyl fen polyoxyethylene 15,and 1.4% sodium dodecylbenzenesul fonate were determined as complex emulsifiers.Formulations can not o nly improve the viscosity reduction effect but also improve the stability of the emulsion.