Syntheses Of Pharmaceutical Intermediates And Their Wastewater Treatment

In recent years,the chemical and pharmaceutical industry have developed rapidly,and at the same time it has brought various side effects to the environment,such as water and soil pollution,resource shortage,etc.It is very necessary to research and analyze the wastewater generated in such industries.The pharmaceutical intermediate maleic hydrazide,as a multi-functional inhibitor of plant growth,plays an important role in the cultivation and storage of crops and plants.In this thesis,the pharmaceutical intermediate,maleic hydrazide,was synthesized with hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid used as acidic catalysts and characterized by UV-Vis,FTIR,HPLC and ~1H NMR.Moreover,the pollutants in the wastewater produced during the synthesis reaction were analyzed and detected,and the Fenton-electrochemical oxidation method was utilized to treat the wastewater generated during the synthesis reaction of the pharmaceutical intermediate maleic hydrazide,making the wastewater treatment process more efficient and satisfying emission standards.In addition,different extraction techniques and methods were used to detect maleic hydrazide residues on some plants such as radishes and tea.The research findings was as follows:(1)With hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid used as catalysts,maleic hydrazide was prepared by hydrazine hydrate and maleic anhydride,and the product was characterized by UV-Vis,FTIR,HPLC and ~1H NMR.The solid content in the wastewater was determined.The product yields of two catalysts hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid were compared and analyzed.(2)According to the content of organic pollutants,a Fenton-electrochemical oxidation programme for treating such wastewater was designed.The chemical oxygen demand(COD)of the wastewater generated during the synthesis of maleic hydrazide were determined post and prior to the Fenton-electrochemical oxidation programme.The optimal reaction conditions of the Fenton-electrochemical oxidation treatment technology were obtained,so that the pharmaceutical intermediate wastewater after decomposing and removing pollutants met the discharge standards.(3)The residual amount of maleic hydrazide in radish and tea were determined.Using different extraction methods,the residual amount of maleic hydrazide in the two plants by high performance liquid chromatography were analyzed and determined.The experiments showed that after optimized pretreatment,comparative adjustment of various parameters,the recovery rate and precision of the method met the determination of maleic hydrazide in radish and tea.Different contents of maleic hydrazide in radish and tea were detected using the testing method proposed by the thesis.