Study On The Image And Environmental Characteristics Of The Yongding Gate Of The Beijing City In Qing Dynasty

As one of the six ancient capital of China,Beijing city is the most famous historical and cultural city in the world and the most distinctive ancient imperial capital in China occupies a unique position in the history of the construction of the world.Beijing city lies 7.6 km from north to south in the axis of the building group embodies the essence of the city of Beijing cultural and historical development.Tracing the development of the central axis,From the end of the primitive society and the germination and development of the summer,Shang and Zhou dynasties,after the formation of the Qin and Han Dynasties,it continued to the end of the patriarchal society.The ancient Chinese architecture system was based on gradual change and accumulation,and there was no big sudden change or interruption.From the "idea capital model" Zhouwang city,"the disorder of the palace city" of the Qin and Han Dynasties,Changan city,the "revive the ceremony and beyond the system" of the Wei Dynasties,Ye city,the "reconstruction of the central order" of the Sui and Tang Dynasties,Changan city,the "classical capital model" of Song Dynasties,Bianliang city,"the ideal and the reality of superimposed" Yuan Dynasties,Dadu city,"the ancient city of the capital of the city" of the Ming and Qing Dynasties,Beijing city,As a material form of political rights and urban system,the central axis architectural complex plays an irreplaceable role in the layout of the capital.The Beijing city of the Qing Dynasty gathered the essence of the ancient capitals.In the capital city and the royal building system,Song Bianliang and Yuan Dadu had developed to the extreme of the reunification and deduction of the Zhou Dynasty.For example,the central axis of the palace city and the capital city almost coincided,the complete three dynasty and the five door system,the strong energy street and the city hall system,and the complete Jiaosi system,grand royal mausoleum gardens,etc.,can be regarded as a master of classical capital.This article selects the economic development of the late Qing Dynasty to the peak of the economic development of the feudal dynasty,taking the central axis as the breakthrough point to examine Beijing’s historical culture and the Yongding buildings of the central axis as the research object.On the one hand,it focuses on the starting point of the central axis of the old Beijing city in combination with relevant books,paintings,inscriptions,archives and archaeological excavations.Yongding buildings,the most important buildings of the outer city,has been set up to build a "comprehensive file" for the world famous ancient buildings and make a little paving work for the future research.On the basis of historical literature,precious photographic materials and recent research results,we try to restore the image of the buildings of Yongding and the feature of its surrounding environment.It is not the single restoration of the architecture structure and construction technology,but the commercial environment,the living environment and the religious environment around the buildings of Yongding.Based on the traffic environment,natural features and landscape features,this paper outlines the realistic painting scroll with the buildings of Yongding as an important node,which emphasizes the importance of the place to the historical architecture in the study of theprotection and restoration of historical buildings.China is an ancient country with a history of 5000 years of civilization.There are abundant resources of architectural heritage.With the development of modernization,the more valuable value will be displayed,and the more we need to study it.The purpose of this writing is also here.