Online Energy Management Of PV Charging Station Based On Lyapunov Optimization

In recent years,with the influence of policy incentives,TOU price,environmental issues and other factors,governments are actively promoting the development of EV industry in order to safeguard energy security and pursue low-carbon economic transition.PV-assisted charging station is a typical integration approach for EVs to consume the distributed and renewable energy resources on the spot which helps increase both economic and environmental benefits.Modern EV charging station not only requires the integrated access of distributed and renewable energy,but also is influenced by the fluctuation of TOU price and user side's energy demand so as to formulate reasonable strategies for EV charging management.PV-assisted charging station will not only meet users' charging demand,but also reduce as much operating expense and instation EVs' indirect carbon emission as possible.This paper proposed a coalitional game between EV(electric vehicle)users and the PV ESP(Photovoltaic Energy Service Provider)of the PV-assisted charging station in which the ESP sells renewable energy to the EV users and provides them with energy management service for reducing their charging cost.An online energy management algorithm based on Lyapunov optimization was proposed for the PV ESP,which can be used to quickly schedule the controllable EV load on the premise of satisfying the users' charging demand.According to each EV user's initial SOC,parking period,output of distributed PV generation and TOU price in the charging station,the algorithm can build controllable load queues to draw a real-time decision based only on the current variables without any forecasting,which transfer energy management problem into linear programming.The coalition will financially reward every participants.For the purpose of quantifying the contribution of players in the coalition,the Shapley value was adopted to allocate reward among the participating EV users and the ESP,based on their contribution.The simulation and contrastive analysis verified that the proposed coalitional game for the PV-assisted charging station and the algorithm based on Lyapunov optimization can promote the consumption of the distributed PV generation,decrease the station's operation expense.Meanwhile,the algorithm is feasible for its less computing complexity and quick decision-making process.