Structural Optimization Design Of Three Axle Bogie Frame

In order to realize the railway freight car in the direction of heavy load,need to continuously improve the design and manufacturing technology of railway freight cars,accordingly,the requirement of the technical performance of freight car bogie is higher and higher.As the key component of the railway freight car,the technical performance of the bogie is related to the quality and safety of the railway freight car.The frame is the base and skeleton of the bogie,which bear and transmit all kinds of force and load.Thus,the strength of the framework is particularly important to meet the requirements,the structure is reasonable.Based on this,this thesis carries on the structure optimization design of the three axle bogie frame of a railway freight car.Three axle bogie frame as the research object,using the finite element method and the theory of structural optimization design,with finite element analysis software such as HyperMesh and ANSYS and OptiStruct etc.,carry on the static strength analysis of the frame,and on the size optimization and topology optimization design,to improve the structure performance of the frame and ensure the safety of the railway freight car and stable operation.The main work is as follows:(1)Based on the three-dimensional geometry model of the three axle bogie frame of a railway freight car,finite element model of the frame is established by using HyperMesh software to make discrete geometry model of the frame.(2)Static strength analysis and check of the three axle bogie frame.Reference to standard specification for the international union of railways UIC510-3,to determine the 5 exceptional load conditions of the frame,using finite element analysis software ANSYS to carry on the static strength analysis of the three axle bogie frame,Fourth strength theory was used to evaluate the static strength of the three axle bogie frame,and carries on the check,judgment under the effect of exceptional load condition,the frame can satisfy the requirement of the static strength.(3)Size optimization design of the three axle bogie frame,the design variables are defined as thickness of the upper cover plate,the lower cover plate,the web plate,the baffle plate,the rib plate and the reinforcing plate of each beam,with the minimum total weight of the frame as the design goal,the maximum stress on the frame is taken as the constraint condition,using the structural optimization software OptiStruct to carry on the size optimization design of the three axle bogie frame,so that the thickness of each plate of the frame to achieve the optimized thickness,and to achieve the effect of lightweight design.Reference standard UIC510-3 to carry on the static strength analysis of the frame after size optimization.(4)Topology optimization design and second size optimization design of the three axle bogie frame.By variable density method,the density of the baffle plate,the rib plate and the reinforcing plate of the frame is the design variable,the smallest structure strain energy is taken as the design goal,volume fraction and the maximum stress on the frame is taken as the constraint condition,using OptiStruct software to carry on the topology optimization design,so that the material distribution and the structure form of the baffle plate,the rib plate and the reinforcing plate of the frame to achieve the best.Based on the topology optimization results,improving the structure of the frame,the static strength analysis of the improved frame is carried out by the reference standard UIC510-3,and the feasibility of the topology optimization results is verified.In order to further reduce the thickness of the plate of the frame,and to achieve the effect of lightweight design,on the basis of size optimization and topology optimization,the second size optimization design of the frame is carried out.Based on the optimization results,the static strength analysis of the frame after second size optimization is carried out by the standard UIC510-3.