Synthesis And Polymer Solar Cells Application Of Carbonized Polymer Dots

Carbonized polymer dots(CPDs)represent a kind of emerging nano materials with advantages of efficient synthesis routes,low cost,low toxicity,as well as wide availability of raw materials and outstanding optical properties.Therefore,they can be served as stable and environmental friendly sources for biomedical applications,sensors,nanocomposites and optoelectronic devices,etc.In this case,we demonstrate the synthesis of CPDs with different surface functional groups,their tuning work function ability and application for polymer solar cells(PSCs).Particularly,there are two aspects described in detail in the following paragraphs.In chapter II,two kinds of CPDs with different surface functional groups are synthesized and employed as electrode interfacial layers in PSCs.CPDs possess abundant surface functional groups,which can be modified under control.CPDs with more electron-donating amine groups and more electron-withdrawing carboxy groups can be obtained respectively through changing the radio of ethylenediamine and citric acid.Then these two kinds of CPDs can decrease or increase work function of electrodes,respectively.In this work,the ability of tuning work function for CPDs has been systematically studied for the first time.The single material system to act as both interfacial layers is rarely reported previously.This can simplify the design of materials and the device fabrication process.In addition,CPDs are green,low-cost,stable and easily fabricated.Therefore,they are promising for commercial interlayer materials in optoelectronic devices.In chapter III,CPDs with fluorine-containing groups(CPD-F)are synthesized and applied as anode interfacial layer in aqueous-processed solar cells.Studies of the anode interfacial layers are relatively few compared to the cathode interfacial layers,and most of them show imperfect properties.For example,PEDOT: PSS show good conductibility and is highly water soluble,it is,however,both hygroscopic and acidic,leading to an associated reduction in device stability.Thus,it is of importance to explore CPD-F as anode interfacial layer.Fluorine,whose electronegativity is very high,shows strong ability of withdrawing electrons.So CPD-F show better performance and can be used as efficient anode interfacial layer.In this chapter,CPD-F is applied in the solar cells with the active layer of water-soluble poly(phenylenevinylene)(PPV)and CdTe nanocrystals.Organic pollution can also be minimized by this environmental friendly process.In summary,we synthesize CPDs with different surface functional groups through changing different kinds of raw materials.Their ability of tuning work function for CPDs has been systematically studied and their application of both cathode and anode interfacial layers in PSCs have been achieved.The introduction of CPDs to PSCs has improved the power conversion efficiency of PSCs and provides CPDs more wide range of applications.