Vehicle Small Overlap Impact Simulation Analysis And Topology Optimization Design

With the continuous and rapid increase of vehicle ownership,there shows a trend of high incidence of traffic accidents,resulting in a large number of casualties and property losses.Small overlap impact occur mainly in the scenario,such as meeting car,the car hit the roadside tree and the wire rod,and so on.Because of the low overlap rate between car and the obstacle,the small overlap impact poses a serious threat to the safety of the occupant.According to the relevant data,the small overlap impact accounts for 1/4 of the frontal crash.which is the main form of collision that leads to serious injuries and deaths.Therefore,the research of small overlap impact is of great practical significance to improve the safety of vehicle under small overlap impact.This article uses a vehicle,based on the small overlap impact test specification published by the American Highway Safety Insurance Association(IIHS),the finite element method is used to simulate the model under the small bias collision condition.The simulation results show that the car's non collision side structure is complete and obvious deformation does not occur during the small overlap impact.The main energy absorption components,such as collision avoidance beam,energy absorption box and front longitudinal beam,are less deformed.Most of the collision energy is transferred to the crew module.The structure of the front pads,A columns,hinges and sill beams is seriously deformed,which poses a serious threat to the safety of the occupants.The study finds that the body structure layout can not meet the small deviation.Occupant protection requirements under crash conditions of small overlap impact.In view of this,based on the results of small overlap impact simulation,the hybrid cellular automaton method is applied to the topology optimization of small bias collision body structure.The body topology optimization model is established by considering the layout of body structure and the location of parts installation position,and the body topology optimization is carried out under the small overlap impact condition.The optimal topology of vehicle body is obtained through the design,which provides guidance for vehicle body structure design under small overlap impact conditions.In this paper,three kinds of crash conditions are integrated with 100% collision,40% bias crash and small overlap impact.Two weight allocation schemes of the three working conditions,1:1:1 and 1:4:4,are given respectively.The crash topology optimization of the body is studied.In the conceptual design stage of the body,the optimization scheme of body structure is obtained to meet the requirements of various crash conditions.So as to enhance car crash safety.