Study On Driver's Secondary Task Switch Characteristics Based On E-Prime

Driving distraction has been identified as one of the main causes of traffic accidents,and it has a non-negligible impact on traffic safety.The types of secondary task affecting the primary task can be divided into two cases,one is that the primary task is affected when the secondary task is completed;the other is that there is still an impact on the primary task after the secondary task is finished,that is,the switch cost.Previous literature in the distraction research mostly focused on the first kind of influence.And little research has concerned on the second relatively.This paper explores the influencing factors and rules of the completed secondary task affecting the driving speed judgment,and probes the influence of the secondary task complexity and task interval time on the task switching cost.The E-Prime psychology software can accurately extract the changes of driver's response time and avoid the accuracy issue of data collection in real-vehicle experiments and driving simulation experiments.It is an effective tool for studying subtle traffic behaviors.The paper builds a driving simulation scenario based on E-Prime,selects the speed judgment task in driving as the primary task,and selects the typical alternative driving distraction task(arrow direction selection task)as the secondary task.87 subjects completed a series of alternating primary and secondary tasks in turn in a simulated scenario environment.At the same time,the driver's performance index(the response time)is extracted as the experimental dependent variable.The experiment sets secondary task complexity and task interval time as two independent variables,and each has two experimental levels.First,the subjects are organized to conduct the pre-experiments to determine the availability of the experimental platform and the suitability of the experimental subjects.Then the improved experimental program can be produced and after that the formal experiment completed.Finally,statistical analysis is performed on the relevant experimental data.The result showed that driver's response time of primary task lengthened after the switch from the secondary task to the primary task than two adjacent primary tasks,and there were significant differences(p<0.05).Driver's response time of primary task lengthened when the secondary task becomes complex,and there were significant differences(p<0.05).Driver'sresponse time of secondary task lengthened when the secondary task becomes complex,and there were significant differences(p<0.05).When the task interval time changed from 200 ms to 2000 ms,the average response time of the primary task did not show a significant effect;however,the response time of the secondary task after the primary task showed a significant influence(p<0.05).Under the both influence of the secondary task complexity and task interval time,the response time to the primary task after the secondary task was significantly different,and there was no significant interaction between the two factors,the response time to the secondary task after the primary task was significantly different,and there was significant interaction between the two factors(p<0.05).Among the 50 young drivers(under30),average response time of the primary task after the secondary task in female drivers was longer than male.Driver's average response time of the primary task after the secondary task became longer as the age increased.The difference in response time caused by driving experience was not obvious.The research results above show that,it still has influence on the primary task after the end of the secondary task,and the switching between the secondary task and the primary task brings the task switching cost.As the secondary task complexity increases,the switch cost increases significantly so the complex secondary task should be reduced.The impact of task switching on female drivers is even more pronounced than male.Task switch has a greater impact on older drivers,so the secondary tasks should be minimized as age growth.The conclusion of this study can provide reference for the optimal design of in-vehicle information system.