Analyzing And Modeling Of The Influence Of Driving Distraction On Traffic Safety And Traffic Efficiency

Driving distraction is a common aberrant driving behavior and one of the major factors related to traffic accidents.In recent years,distraction gradually attracts the concern of researchers,but the impact of distraction on traffic safety and traffic efficiency still needs to be further studied.The aim of this study includes the factors leading to distraction,effects of distraction on traffic safety and traffic efficiency.The dissertation firstly establishes the structural equation model about the motivation of distracted behavior,and conducts a questionnaire survey to test this model.The main factors leading to distracted behaviors are revealed and the different influencing factors among three kinds of distracting behavior are analyzed,including drinking,answering a phone and using phone software.Secondly,by means of driving simulation experiment and eye tracking equipment,driver performance in different distraction scenarios are collected,including vehicle data and driver attention distribution data.Combined with the data obtained from part of the questionnaire,driver performance and the distribution region of driver vision are comprehensively analyzed under four conditions,normal driving,talking on a phone while driving,talking via phone software while driving and typing on phone software while driving.The impact of distracted driving on traffic safety is also discussed.Thirdly,based on above research,a distraction random occurrence model is established,and an improved optimal velocity model considering the distracting behaviour is simulated.The degree of interference of distraction on traffic stability and traffic efficiency is analyzed.The results indicate attitude and perceived behavioral control are main factors of distracted behavior while driving,while subjective norm has significant influence on mobile phone use while driving.The respondents believes using phone software is most dangerous and they are mostly against this behavior.The frequency of common distracting behaviors are also calculated,and the characteristics of drivers who had more distracted behaviors are summarized.Besides,distracted behavior has negative effect on both traffic safety and traffic efficiency.On one hand,the driving speed,headway,lane changing frequency and driving stability obviously change when distracted.The ability of driver obtaing road information decreases when distracted and accident is more likely to happen.On the other hand,the stability of traffic flow is disturbed by driving distraction and the traffic capacity decreases.This paper analyzes the comprehensive influence of distracted behavior on driver performance and establishes a traffic flow model considering distracted behavior.The factors affecting distracted behavior are also discussed.This study provides support for further research of distraction and distracted behavior correction.