Research On Microwave Propulsion Mechanism Of Electromagnetic Engine

The microwave propulsion electromagnetic engine doesn't need chemical fuel,only needs the energy to generate the thrust,and has great application value to the orbit propulsion of the spacecraft.Although the experimental research has confirmed the existence of thrust,the propulsion mechanism of electromagnetic engine hasn't been fully solved.There are still some controversies about the theory of propulsion based on photonics and classical electrodynamics.In this paper,based on the theory of cut-off waveguide and quantum mechanics,the mechanism of electromagnetic engine has been researched.The main work is as follows:1.The theories of propulsion based on photon theory and electrodynamics theory are analyzed and their shortcomings are pointed out.(1)The propulsion theory based on the photon theory is deduced.It is found that the group velocity in the constant-section waveguide is used directly in the variable-section waveguide,and only the radiation pressure of the two end faces are taken into account,but the lateral radiation pressure does not been taken into account.The theory doesn't explain the momentum change of electromagnetic wave propagation,therefore,it can not explain whether the whole engine system satisfies the law of conservation of momentum.(2)The propulsion theory based on classical electrodynamics theory is deduced.It is found that the thrust is derived from the force of electromagnetic field surface tension on the wall,and the calculation of this force will directly affect the thrust force.The disadvantage is that there is no explanation for the reason how the momentum flow of the electromagnetic field produce,therefore,it can not explain whether the whole engine system satisfies the law of conservation of momentum.2.A method for calculation of electromagnetic field and electromagnetic force of the resonator is established and the simulation is carried out.(1)From the Maxwell equations,the theoretical formula of electromagnetic field distribution and electromagnetic force in a typical resonant cavity are deduced.It is found that the direction of the electric force and the magnetic force on the surface of the resonator cavity are directed into the cavity and out of the cavity respectively along the normal of the surface,but do not all point out the of cavity as the literature gives.(2)The simulation results show that the theoretical results are basically the same as the results of HFSS,which proves the correctness of the method.3.Based on the cut-off waveguide and quantum mechanics theory,a new explanation of microwave propulsion mechanism is proposed.(1)By studying the transmission characteristic of the electromagnetic wave in the cut-off waveguide,it is found that the transmission characteristic is similar to the quantum crossing the potential barrier.Based on the similarity,the cut-off waveguide theory is quantized analogously,the existence of the quantum barrier in the cut-off waveguide is proved.(2)Based on this conclusion,a new thrust mechanism is proposed.When there is a cut-off region in the resonator,the electromagnetic wave can only be reflected back and forth in the dielectric section to form a resonance,but can't enter the cut-off area(unfilled with dielectric).The electromagnetic force on the wall surface of the cut-off area will be much smaller than the electromagnetic force on the wall surface of the resonant area,and a non-zero net thrust will be formed.4.The net thrust calculation formula of cylindrical resonator with cut-off zone is deduced,and the influencing factors of thrust are analyzed.(1)According to the design of the new cylindrical resonator with the cut-off zone,the theoretical formula of the electromagnetic field distribution of the resonator is given,the resonant cavity energy coefficient is determined and the theoretical formula of the net thrust in the resonator is established.(2)Based on the theoretical formula of electromagnetic field and electromagnetic force,numerical simulation analysis is carried out for cylindrical resonator with cutoff region.The calculation results are compared with the results obtained from the numerical software,and the correctness of the theoretical formula is verified.Based on this,the net thrust of the cylindrical resonator is calculated to be 18.3mN with 1kW input power.(3)The factors that affect the thrust of the resonator are analyzed,including the cavity configuration,the dielectric parameters,the input power and the influence of different electromagnetic modes.The results show that the thrust increases with the increase of the quality factor,input power,dielectric constant,radius and axial mode number,and decreases with the increase of the length of the dielectric filled section and radial mode number.