Fire Evacuation Modeling And Simulation Based On Social Force Model Improvement

Since 2008,China's construction industry has experienced a golden period of development.A number of high-rise landmark buildings have risen from the ground,and the number of people in the building has grown geometrically.The difficulty of emergency evacuation is greatly increased once high-rise building has a fire or other unexpected event.The emergency plan was assisted by research on emergency evacuation.Also the research value of theoretical was provided to building fire codes.The research has guiding significance for personnel safety protection research in fires and other emergencies.The study of emergency evacuation topics is a comprehensive study that requires cross-disciplinary cooperation in architecture,computer science,and humanities psychology.The research methods of fire evacuation are mainly evacuation modeling and computer application simulation due to the uniqueness and non-replicability of fire and other sudden events.The efficiency of the evacuees in the evacuation process is not only related to their own physiological conditions,but also inseparable from their psychological state.In many actual cases,the evacuees are affected by negative psychological emotions,limiting their evacuation speed and even missing the best evacuation time period.The psychological state of the evacuees and the influence of the degree of training on the evacuation time were analyzed in this paper through the Anylogic software modeling and simulation research.The psychological state of the evacuees has a positive correlation with the evacuation speed was verified by simulation.The coupling relationship between the mental state and the training degree on the evacuation time is verified.And the method for judging the building's limit evacuation capacity is analyzed.As an original evacuation model that quantifies the individual's psychological effects as a force,the social force model has high research value.However,the model still has a large space for improvement and optimization.This paper adjusts the human body elastic coefficient of the social force model,and obtains the collision optimization model through simulation,which avoids the rigid collision phenomenon of individuals and maintains the human anti-overlap mechanism from classical social force model.Secondly,the personnel range coefficient of the collision optimization model is improved from the static parameters to the dynamic parameters affected by the individual squeeze parameter and the actual evacuation speed.The psychological parameters of the personnel are optimized,and the amplitude of the oscillation after the individual squeeze collision is reduced by using the fuzzy rules which have advantages in analyzing the fuzzy and uncertainty parameters.Finally,based on the collision optimization model,the decline speed-psychological force and speedpsychological coefficient are introduced,and the force state of the social force model of the stairs evacuation under gravity is analyzed.A reasonable stair evacuation social force model expression is proposed,and the reference speed-psychological coefficient is provided.The classical social force model is extended from two-dimensional space to three-dimensional staircase space.With reference to the research results of psychology,the factors of panic degree in the state of mind are extracted,and the advantages of fuzzy rules in studying uncertain factors are used to establish the fuzzy rule which used actual speed as the output and the physiological factors,panic degree,expected speed as the input.The three-input and single-output fuzzy rules reflect the influence of the panic factor on the individual evacuation speed after coupling with other factors.At the same time,the FDS software is utilized to simulate the fire smoke state of the building.And the relationship between the accumulation of smoke,the dimming light,the high temperature and the evacuation speed in real fire is studied.Finally,the three major elements in the comprehensive fire evacuation--personnel factors,smoke environmental factors and construction path factors are taken to co-simulate the model.Under the premise of improving the authenticity,the limitations of fire elevator related evacuation specifications in building fire codes are analyzed.The advantages and feasibility of elevator evacuation in high-rise building evacuation are verified in tentative.In summary,the impact of individual mental state on evacuation efficiency was studied in this paper through evacuation application modeling and simulation.The value and possibility of elevator application in high-rise building fire evacuation were analyzed.The human body elastic coefficient parameters,the personnel range coefficient and the two-dimensional characteristics of the social force model are optimized by the evacuation modeling simulation.A more realistic collision optimization model is provided and the scope of the model is broadened.