Research On Real-time Electricity Scheduling For Home Energy Management System

With increasingly severe energy and environmental issues,the grid architecture will change from the traditional grid to the smart grid.Advancing the development of renewable energy(RE)can effectively solve the increasingly serious energy and environmental problems.As an extension of the smart grid on the home user side,the home energy management system(HEMS)is an indispensable part of the residential microgrid(RMG)to achieve electricity scheduling optimization.In the context of price-based demand response,users can schedule their own household electricity consumption according to the fluctuation of electricity price,realize the user’s cost saving and stable operation of the power system.In the RMG,how to control the coordinated operation between different modules according to the scheduling information,and improve the economics of dispatching has become the research hotspots of smart grid.At present,the research on electricity scheduling of RMG is mainly based on the real-time electricity price mechanism for the scheduling calculation of electrical equipment such as power generation,electricity storage and electricity consumption in a single household.This scheduling calculation is usually a dayahead electricity scheduling(DAES)for home users under different optimization goals.However,the fixed distributed energy storage capacity and the adopted DAES strategy in the RMG architecture still have certain limitations.On the one hand,the distributed energy storage system has a fixed battery capacity that cannot be adjusted with changes in the scheduling environment,the one-time investment of energy storage return period is long,and there is a lack of energy communication between different users;On the other hand,the DAES lacks consideration of the uncertainty of scheduling information,and the inaccurate and uneconomical scheduling caused by the existence of isolated intraday scheduling ranges.Therefore,this paper takes the RMG as the research object,proposes a RMG electricity scheduling architecture based on energy cloud,and designs a real-time electricity scheduling(RTES)strategy.The main research contents of this paper are as follows:Firstly,the research progress of demand-side response under smart grid is analyzed and summarized.Understanding the time-varying electricity price model plays a key role in electricity scheduling.The development of the RMG and its main components,the classification of electricity scheduling strategies and the main optimization methods used in the electricity scheduling problem are introduced.Then,inspired by energy sharing and cloud services,this paper first proposed an electricity scheduling architecture based on energy cloud for RMG,that is,a third party unified storage service for users.On the basis of considering the depreciation cost of the battery,the electricity scheduling optimization model of the RMG is established with the goal of minimizing the cost payment.Compared with the traditional RMG,this architecture not only allows consumers to adjust their optimal energy storage capacity,but also further reduces household electricity costs.Finally,in order to improve the limitations of electricity scheduling in the past,this paper proposes a RTES strategy for HEMS to schedule household electrical equipment.In order to meet the time efficiency requirements of this strategy,this paper proposes a genetic algorithm based on energy storage management strategy.The RTES uses a 24-hour rolling window for scrolling optimization,and optimization problems are solved periodically by an effective genetic algorithm.The practicality and effectiveness of the proposed RTES strategy are verified by comparative simulations in different cases.