The Automatic Optimization Method Of The Urban Forms In Cold Regions Based On Micro-climatic Environments Performance-driven

In the rapid process of formation and transformation,a lot of underlying layers in a natural state have been transformed into artificial built-up environments,and cities have not only brought a convenient and comfortable life to people,but also changed the original natural and climatic conditions and increased the pressure of the ecological environment to a very large extent.As an academic discipline that is most directly involved in the molding of urban environmental forms,urban planning and design endeavors to reasonably set the indicators of urban planning and distribute urban forms from a professional perspective,which is an important link of improving the micro-climatic environment of cities and promoting the efficiency of urban environment.From the perspective of urban design,this paper has set up a complete theoretical system and software platform of urban form appraisal and optimization driven by micro-climatic performance.This paper obtains the optimal urban form combination of the urban micro-climate in cold regions through software optimizing,quantitatively analyzes the correlation of micro-climate and urban forms with the help of record data,and provides the improvement strategy of the urban layout in winter in cold regions according to the result of optimization.First,this paper studies the influencing mechanism of urban micro-climate,and clarifies the formation and derivation mechanism of urban micro-climate and the mode of the action of the built-up environment on urban micro-climate.Accordingly,this paper extracts the micro-climate and form monitoring(prediction)indicators that may be used in paper research from the existing research achievements,and uses them to represent their respective changing mode in the experiment;establishes an appraisal system adaptable to the thermal environment and wind environment of cities in cold regions,transforms the performance of urban micro-climate into the outdoor comfort indicator that can be appraised quantitatively----Universal Thermal Climate Indicator(UTCI),establishes a direct correlation between urban forms and micro-climatic performance,and provides possibilities for automatic optimizing.Next,according to the sampling research,this paper extracts the prototype of urban form and builds a platform of optimizing software of urban forms driven by the micro-climatic performance.By studying and analyzing typical urban streets under specific climatic conditions,this paper abstracts the “prototype of urban form” adaptable to the building characteristic in the climatic region,as a standard unit that constitutes the entire street.With the help of the Grasshopper parametric platform,this paper integrates such three modules as urban form generation,micro-climate simulation and automatic optimizing,and applies genetic algorithm for automatic optimizing,with human body outdoor comfort(UTCI)as the optimization target.Finally,according to the experimental result,this paper analyzes the optimization mechanism and proposes the layout strategy of urban forms in cold regions.By studying the form results and process data derived by optimization,this paper obtains,through analysis,the leading factors and action mechanism that influence the performance of urban micro-climate,and obtains,through statistical analysis,the coupling relationship among various form factors that influences the micro-climate.Finally,by summarizing experimental results,this paper systematically proposes the layout strategy of urban forms in winter in cold regions.