Multi-target Location Method For Fire Stations Considering Collaborative Rescue And Utilization Efficiency

To improve the emergency response capacity of urban fire control and reduce the cost offire control response,the paper constructed the multi-objective coverage model of fire station site selection.In view of the problem of fire station site selection decision-making,the paper took consideration of the fire-fighting collaboration as well as fire-fighting efficiency.The paper utilized the coverage rate of fire-fighting responsibility area and the loss cost of fire-fighting response to describe the collaboration and efficiency respectively under the premise of limited fire-fighting resources,and considered the integrated fire-fighting situation of urban serious fire accident disposal.The classical multi-objective optimization algorithm SPEA2 was adopted to get the solution of the model,as a consequence,the Pareto optimal solution set of the multi-objective location problem was obtained,then selected the compromise solution from the Pareto optimal solution set with the fuzzy set theory.Finally,taking the urban area within the outer ring road of Shanghai as an example,the paper verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the model,so as to provide the decision basis for scientific site selection of the fire station.This paper mainly focused on the following research work:(1)Considering the current situation of urban firefighting,the paper took the multi-objective decision-making into the fire station site selection coverage model,which not only considers the overall balance of resource distribution and the demands of city fire protection,but also proposes two different fire scenarios to address the demand for fire protection for small and medium fires and heavy fires,Finally,construct the multi-objective firestation location model based on the objective matrix above.(2)In view of the spatial continuity and uncertainty of urban fire risk,the road network was used to divide firefighting area of responsibility into independent fire block to realize the discretization of continuous firefighting space.(3)The firefighting efficiency was evaluated by the fire casualty loss function which simulates the fire evolution curve.In view of the differences in the maximum potential disaster loss and time-sensitivity loss rate of the fire blocks,the corresponding cost function of response loss was given to describe the firefighting efficiency quantitatively.(4)The distribution of urban firefighting demand was explored based on GIS and the average firefighting demand and total firefighting demand of each fire block was obtained,soas to determine the maximum potential disaster loss and time-sensitivity loss rate of the corresponding fire block in the cost function of response loss.(5)The location model was solved by SPEA2 algorithm and the suitability and practicability of this method are proved through an example.Two controlled experiments were designed without considering firefighting cooperation and firefighting efficiency to verify the correctness and superiority of the model through the comparison with the final model.