Research On The Level And Efficiency Of Shipbuilding Industry Agglomeration In China’s Coastal Provinces

China’s shipbuilding industry has formed a relatively obvious agglomeration situation in coastal provinces.A comprehensive analysis of the level and efficiency of shipbuilding industry agglomeration and its influencing factors is of great significance for optimizing the spatial layout of shipbuilding industry and promoting the transformation and upgrading of shipbuilding industry structure.Firstly,the index system is constructed from four aspects: industrial scale agglomeration level,synergistic agglomeration level,agglomeration development potential,and economic effect of agglomeration.The TOPSIS evaluation method based on AHP-EVM combination empowerment is used to evaluate the development level of marine industry agglomeration in 10 coastal provinces(excluding Hong Kong,Macao,Taiwan and Hainan)of China.Secondly,taking the scale agglomeration level and synergistic agglomeration of ship industry as input index,sustainable development potential and agglomeration economic effect as output index,using DEA model evaluated the agglomeration efficiency of ship industry in coastal provinces.Finally,in order to grasp the key factors affecting the agglomeration level and agglomeration efficiency of ship industry,this study established panel data model.Based on the econometric mode,the influencing factors of agglomeration level and agglomeration efficiency are analyzed quantitatively.The main results of this study are as follows:Firstly,there are obvious spatial differences between the comprehensive agglomeration level and each factor level of China’s coastal regions’ shipbuilding industry.Jiangsu is a self-contained province,and its level of shipbuilding industry agglomeration and evaluation results of each factor level are obviously better than those of other regions.Shanghai,Liaoning and Zhejiang are the second echelon,and the shipbuilding industry has a high level of agglomeration.The evaluation value of each factor level is relatively high and the distribution is relatively uniform.Shandong,Fujian and Guangdong are the third echelon,and the overall level of shipbuilding industry agglomeration and the results of factor evaluation are both in the middle or lower level,and the advantages and shortcomings coexist,among which Shandong has prominent advantages in economic effect while the synergistic agglomeration is relatively poor;the results of Guangdong’ synergistic agglomeration evaluation is better but the scale agglomeration is worse;Fujian’ scale agglomeration evaluation is better.The agglomeration level of shipbuilding industry in Tianjin,Guangxi and Hebei is the fourth echelon.There comprehensive evaluation of agglomeration level and factor level evaluation are at a relatively low level,which lags far behind other regions.Secondly,the efficiency of shipbuilding industry agglomeration in coastal provinces is also quite different.Jiangsu and Guangdong are the first echelon,and the efficiency of agglomeration is all effective.The efficiency of Shandong,Hebei and Zhejiang are effective in most years,but weak in others.The evaluation results of agglomeration efficiency of Tianjin and Shanghai are in the third echelon.The effective years of agglomeration comprehensive efficiency are fewer,and there is a certain fluctuation range.The comprehensive efficiency of shipbuilding industry agglomeration in Liaoning,Guangxi and Fujian is poor,the evaluation results are at a low level.The comprehensive efficiency of shipbuilding industry agglomeration in Liaoning is at a low level.Compared with the scale efficiency,the pure technical efficiency has advantages,among which the scale efficiency advantage is more obvious.Guangxi and Fujian are in a weak effective area in the pure technical efficiency evaluation.Finally,through the comparative analysis of clustering analysis results and clustering efficiency stratification results,it is found that there is no inevitable linear relationship between the agglomeration level and agglomeration efficiency of shipbuilding industry,so the factors what affecting the agglomeration level and agglomeration efficiency of shipbuilding industry are further studied.The results of econometric analysis show as follow:The level of industrial agglomeration is mostly related to the internal factors of industry and is also affected by the level of industrial development.The efficiency of industrial agglomeration is strongly related to the internal factors of industry and regional factors,and is greatly affected by regional factors.The development potential and enterprise agglomeration level have no significant impact on agglomeration efficiency.The scale of industrial agglomeration,the elasticity of industrial growth and the level of industrialization are positively correlated with the level of agglomeration and the efficiency of agglomeration.