Research On TPMS Based On Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting Technology

With the improvement of living standards,cars have become a necessary means of transportation for people to travel.The safety performance of vehicles is an important factor in safeguarding people’s lives and property.The safety performance of tires is also one of the most important indicators.The tire pressure sensor system(TPMS)monitors tire pressure in real time and has been applied in many vehicles.The existing TPMS is powered by batteries,which brings many inconveniences.In this paper,a method of energy harvesting technology of temperature difference is proposed that transmitter can collect environmental energy to power yourself.The main contents of the paper are as follows:Firstly,the current status and problems of battery power supply in TPMS are analyzed,and the principle,application and development trend of TPMS energy collection technology are summarized.It is proposed to achieve the self-power by increasing the function of energy harvest by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the PSB and WSB TPMS.After comparative analysis of various energy harvest methods,this paper adopts the method of temperature difference energy collection to realize TPMS self-power supply.In view of the common functions and practical requirements of TPMS,the chip selection of tire pressure sensor and the optimization design of circuit board are carried out in the hardware research.In the aspect of sensor communication,the selection of MCU and RF receiver chip,the design of transmitting antenna structure,communication protocol and so on are studied.In terms of software,the software modules of the receiver and transmitter are designed respectively,and the two-way communication between the transmitter and the receiver is realized.In order to improve the energy collection efficiency of thermoelectric generation devices,the mechanism of thermoelectric generation devices was deeply studied and a more scientific mathematical model was established.The effects of the geometry and materials properties to energy collection efficiency and output power were studied.The inspection system was built and the actual output capability of the thermoelectric power generation device was tested experimentally.Aiming at the problem of the difficulty of utilizing the ultra-low voltage and weak energy of the thermoelectric power generation device,this paper proposes a method of intermittently driving the emitter to make full use of the weak energy.Through the comparative analysis of various ultra-low voltage boost circuit design schemes,the ultra-low voltage weak energy management circuit is designed.After testing,the circuit can collect voltages of the millivolt level and drive the transmitter successfully.Finally,the performance of the whole system was tested under the simulated temperature difference conditions,and the working efficiency of the whole machine was analyzed.It compared with the battery-powered TPMS which is actual used in cars.After comparative research,the temperature difference energy collection technology developed in this paper can realize the collection and utilization of temperature difference energy,and successfully drive the system to complete the work.The collected energy basically meets the power demand of the normal TPMS transmitter,and has certain practical value.