Study On Types And Characteristics Of Country Parks In Beijing

Country parks are located in the suburbs of cities.As a new type of urban green space,they are of great significance in maintaining ecosystems,improving recreational functions and promoting urban construction.Since 2007,Beijing has started the construction of "Country Park Ring".In 2017,in the new edition of Beijing Urban Master Plan(2016-2035),the construction objectives of "one green partition City Park ring" and "two green partition country park ring" have become an important part of the ecological pattern of the capital.In order to support the smooth implementation of the planning,layout,positioning and construction of the country parks in the second green isolation area,the types and characteristics of Beijing country parks are studied in this paper.This paper reviews the development and types of country parks at home and abroad.Based on the list of countryside parks issued by Beijing Landscape and Greening Bureau,48 countryside parks were revised,screened and supplemented by the 2017 edition of Beijing Traffic Tourist Map(China Map Publishing House)and Baidu Map Satellite Images.Through field investigation and receipt collection and analysis of Beijing’s status quo country parks,the development and evolution,scale and level,spatial structure and distribution,construction and visitor use of Beijing’s country parks are summarized and analyzed.By means of cluster analysis and other statistical analysis methods,Beijing country parks are classified according to their dominant function orientation,scale,construction intensity and original land use types.According to the leading function orientation,the park is divided into six types:historical and cultural type,sports and fitness type,leisure and entertainment type,popular science and horticulture type,ecological construction type and natural scenery type.According to the scale of construction,parks are divided into five categories:small,small,medium,large and large.According to the type of original land use,parks are divided into eight categories:villages,parks,open or wasteland,historical and cultural sites,green isolation zones,nurseries or gardens,other construction land and ecological forests.According to the construction intensity,the park is divided into four types:weak intensity type,weak intensity type,high intensity type and high intensity type,and the characteristics of the parks belonging to different categories are analyzed.Finally,the characteristics and shortcomings of various types of country parks in the process of construction are summarized,and the type system of "Erjian Country Park" is constructed.The construction suggestions and reference indicators of six types of country parks,namely,historical and cultural type,sports and fitness type,leisure and entertainment type,popular science and horticulture type,ecological construction type and natural scenery type,are put forward.Finally,the construction strategy of "Erjian Country Park" is put forward.To implement the Beijing Urban Master Plan(2016-2035),improve the urban green space structure,and determine the smooth implementation of the layout and construction of country parks in the second green isolation area.