Congestion Charging Research Based On Traveler Behavior Choices

With the increasing demand of traffic and the limited capacity of urban roads,the problem of traffic congestion has become increasingly prominent.Singapore and other countries have taken the lead in implementing traffic congestion charging policies and achieved good results.Therefore,traffic congestion charging has become an obvious traffic control measure to implement for many countries and cities.Traffic congestion is the embodiment of the imbalance of traffic distribution on the macro level,and the result of the evolution of residents' travel choices behavior on the micro level.Therefore,it is of certain practical significance to study traffic congestion charging from the perspective of residents1 travel behavior and traffic distribution.Based on the research status of theories and models related to congestion pricing,this paper proposes to combine macro traffic allocation with micro travel choice for congestion pricing research,and develops the research ideas and framework of this paper.This paper introduces the relevant theories and models of traffic balance allocation,travel behavior choice and traffic congestion charging,and then carries out three aspects research works on this basis.First,the judgment criteria of traffic congestion are defined,the characteristics of traffic congestion are analyzed,the impedance function in the traditional allocation model is improved to adapt to traffic congestion,the capacity limited traffic allocation model is constructed,and the algorithm combining the enhanced Lagrange multiplier algorithm and Newton method is designed to solve the model.Secondly,the influencing factors of residents' travel behaviors are analyzed.Under the framework of prospect theory,traffic congestion charges and travel costs are taken as influencing factors to construct a travel behavior choice model with double reference points and study the impact of congestion charges on travelers' path choice.Thirdly,the results of travel behavior selection under the influence of congestion pricing are compared with the results of capacity restriction allocation to determine the toll section and toll level,and the simple road network structure is used for example analysis.The results of calculation examples show that the capacity limit allocation model can describe the road network with congested road sections more appropriately,the residents' travel choice behavior is affected by the psychological reference point,and the implementation of congestion pricing can effectively adjust the traveler's path choice behavior.Congestion charging level of fornulation is related to traveler's perception of personal travel time value and travel time reference point.People with higher time value has greater ability to bear congestion charges.When determining the charging level,the critical point of the impact of congestion charge on travel behavior can be selected to effectively adjust the travel choice.