Study On Emergency Evacuation Traffic Assignment In Subway Station Based On Crowding Degree Theory

Nowadays,China has entered the stage of rapid development of society,economy and transportation.With its advantages of mass transit,punctuality,speed and pollution,the subway has gradually become the main artery of urban traffic.Under this background,the safety of subway operation Has been widely concerned by the society.The emergency evacuation of subway station passengers is to evacuate all passengers in the subway station to the designated area within the specified time in the event of various emergencies.It is closely related to the safety of passengers and how to effectively alleviate the personnel in the case of emergency evacuation of the subway station.Crowding and avoiding mass casualties have become a hotspot and focus of public safety research in the world,and one of the important parts of traffic safety development.Firstly,this paper analyzes and compares the status quo of domestic and international emergency evacuation research,briefly expounds the relevant content of metro specifications at home and abroad,and compares and evaluates the domestic and international subway evacuation design standards,and introduces various emergency evacuation models and path assignments.The algorithm and in-depth analysis of the influencing factors affecting the emergency evacuation of metro stations,including pedestrian behavior characteristics,the internal structure and layout of subway stations,and the characteristics of various types of access facilities in subway stations.This paper studies the behavior characteristics of pedestrians from the aspects of group characteristics and individual characteristics,and analyzes the influence of individual characteristics on the emergency evacuation of subway stations.For the internal structure,it is from the fire resistance level of the subway station,the entrance and exit characteristics of the subway station,and the subway.In-depth study on station evacuation signs,etc.;in terms of subway station access facilities,the characteristics and capacity of various types of emergency facilities are described.At the same time,the differences in different emergency evacuation facilities are reflected in the model.In addition,this paper combines the theoretical knowledge of maps and networks in operations research to abstract the internal structure of the subway station into a network map.The nodes in the network map represent the evacuation starting point,the evacuation end point,etc.The edges in the network map represent evacuation channels,evacuation stairs etc.Evacuation facilities can visually display the internal structure of the subway through this expression,and also form the basis for the calculation of the evacuation path assignment of the subway station.In the modeling process,the concept of congest degree is proposed.The relationship between speed and evacuated passenger flow is expounded by crowding degree.Combined with the Beckmann model,the evacuation assignment model of subway stationbased on congest degree is established.This paper selects Xi’an Xiaozhai subway station as an example analysis case.The station has a large passenger flow,complex internal structure,and there are transfer lines,which have certain representativeness.In the early stage,the basic data of the subway station was obtained through investigation,and then the congest degree of each road section was calculated according to the physical size of the basic data.Combined with the model algorithm of Chapter 4,the results of the emergency evacuation assignment were obtained,and the results were analyzed.In addition,the strategy for emergency evacuation of Xiaozhai subway station is introduced.The staff can make comprehensive judgment based on the evacuation path distance and the degree of on-site congestion.When the congest degree is high,the path with long time consumption can be selected to reduce the danger in the evacuation process.Provide a better evacuation route indication for evacuating passengers.