Study On The Planning Of Qiantang Estuary Governance Engineering(1960-1963)

The water flow in the Qiantang estuary is very shallow,the river surface is wide,and the river channel is easy to move back and forth.China has long known to use dams to prevent floods.After the founding of new China,the state attaches great importance to the governance of the Qiantang estuary,and constantly explores and improves the governance project planning in practice.From 1960 to 1963,the Qiantang estuary regulation project plan,connecting the past and the future,has a far-reaching impact on the subsequent regulation project.This paper reviews and considers the planning of Qiantang estuary regulation project from 1960 to 1963,so as to deepen the understanding of the history of Qiantang estuary regulation project.Firstly,the historical background of Qiantang estuary regulation project planning was investigated.In the early 1960s,the state professional management and construction institutions increased the investment in Qiantang river seawall construction and estuary regulation project,which put forward new requirements for the formulation of Qiantang estuary regulation project planning.Under the influence of the great leap forward movement,unprecedented attention has been paid to the study of Qiantang estuary regulation planning.The establishment of relevant scientific research institutions and the existing governance foundation provide important support for the formulation of engineering planning.Secondly,it interprets and analyzes the contents of the plan as a whole.Based on the investigation of the status quo of the loitering and tidal land loss in Qiantang estuary,the goal of "stabilizing the river trough and increasing the land area" is clearly put forward.In the principle of governance,it follows the common design principle of governance wire,that is,"increase the ratio of mountain and tide,reduce the tidal inflow".In terms of construction technology design,adopt the plan of "narrow all the way",adopt the idea of proper winding flow path to design the river channel,adopt the way of " replacing the dam with cofferdam land" to control the river channel.Thirdly,it analyzes and discusses the ideological source of the project planning in this period,and points out that the attempt of "narrow river road" began in the republic of China period.The principle of“reducing the inflow”is related to the reflection on the wrong attempt of "increasing the inflow" in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China.The "replacing the dam with cofferdam land" project is based on the improvement of the previous "building ponds" and "building dams and protecting ponds".Finally,the influence and limitation of the planning on the later Qiantang estuary regulation project are discussed.The principles of“reducing the tidal inflow”and increasing the ratio of mountains to tides" have long-term guiding significance in Qiantang estuary regulation project.The limitations are mainly reflected in the insufficient attention to ecological environmental protection and the excessive bending of the flow road design in Zheshan Bay.