Study On Impact Of High-speed Rail On The Development Of Urban Form In The Northwest China Beyond The Belt And Road Initiative

The Silk Road has been an important link between the East and the West,and has played an important role in promoting exchanges between countries and regions and promoting the development of national and regional economic,political and cultural development since ancient times.The Belt and Road Initiative,proposed by China in 2013,is the development and continuation of the Silk Road.Since then,the research on the construction of the Belt and Road Initiative has been developing continuously.Transportation is the hub and cornerstone of national communication,and plays a key role as a substantive link.Therefore,traffic construction is an important project of infrastructure investment under the policy of the Belt and Road Initiative.The literature on the related topics of the Belt and Road Initiative focuses on politics,economy,trade and other fields.There is still a lack of attention to the impact of transportation infrastructure on regional and urban development,especially urban form development,and lack of space-related empirical research support.As a result,the present spatial knowledge of Belt and Road is still fragmented,incomplete and inadequate.This paper summarizes the research status of the Belt and Road Initiative at home and abroad,and draws the generalized urban economy and urban traffic form as the research object under the framework of urban form theory.This paper expounds the important influence of high-speed railway on the development of urban form under the Belt and Road Initiative.Adopting the method of double difference method(DID),distance index measure method and linear regression method of double difference method are adopted,using the data of China Urban Statistical Yearbook,China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook and Traffic Survey from 2010 to 2016.The paper clarify the influence of regional scale high-speed railway construction on urban economic form,reveal the accessibility of urban scale high-speed railway stations and urban centers of different scales,surrounding activity and agglomeration and other traffic patterns.Taking Urumqi as an example,this paper investigates the influence of urban public transport and high-speed rail connection on urban economic traffic patterns,such as urban population,employment distribution and so on.The main conclusion of this paper is that the construction of high-speed railway under the background of the Belt and Road Initiative has promoted the reduction of population scale,the expansion of built-up area and the increase of the proportion of tertiary industry in Northwest China in a short period of time,and the economic form has developed well.In terms of urban scale,the smaller the scale of the city,the higher the distance index between the high railway station and the city center,and the distribution is more scattered.The surrounding areas of high-speed railway stations in big cities are more active,with a high concentration,and it is easy to form new urban centers.Medium-sized cities and small cities have not yet formed obvious active areas,but the development trend is remarkable.Urban public transport,taking Urumqi for example,promotes better population and employment.The distribution and employment accessibility are improved,the employment status is improved,the public transport between the high-speed railway and the railway station forms a good traffic corridor,promoting the agglomeration of population and jobs along the line and the formation of new urban active area.The purpose of this paper is to enrich the application of urban form theory in the Belt and Road Initiative through the study of the influence of regional and urban high-speed railway construction on the broad sense of urban form,and to provide policy reference for the rational layout of high-speed railway stations in the future.It also provides a reference for the coordination of traffic between cities and within cities.