| Since twenty-first century,China's overall economic scale and growth speed have been among the forefront of the world,however,the energy problem has seriously restricted the sustainable development of China's economy.In the foreseeable future,energy consumption and carbon emission in China will continue to increase due to the process of industrialization and urbanization.As one of the main forms of capital flow between countries and regions,foreign direct investment(FDI)has a profound impact on the host country's energy environment,especially for those countries that urgently demand economic development and relax environmental regulations to attract foreign investment.The entry of foreign capital will lead to a series of Energy and environmental issues.However,the entry of foreign capital into the host country may lead to positive energy efficiency technology transfer and technology spillovers,thereby increasing the energy efficiency of the host country.Therefore,accurately grasping the impact of FDI on China's industrial energy efficiency,transmission channels and differences,has important practical significance for the formulation of foreign investment policies,industrial policies and energy conservation and emission reduction measures with energy efficiency as the core.Based on the above background and research status at home and abroad,this paper studies the mechanism of FDI's influence on energy intensity through technology spillover and its effect.In this paper,FDI,technical progress and energy intensity are the research objects.Firstly,the connotation,measurement methods and basic status of the three are analyzed.Secondly,the mechanism of foreign direct investment on energy intensity and technical progress is analyzed.Finally,using the DEA data envelopment method and the panel data model analysis method,this paper explores the industry heterogeneity impact of technology spillover effects of FDI on the energy intensity of China's industrial sector under different R&D investment levels and income levels.The research results are shown as follow.Firstly,FDI has an impact on energy intensity through scale effect,structural effect and technical effect.All three effects theoretically indicate that FDI has both positive and negative impacts on energy intensity,and it is necessary to empirically analyze its specific direction and extent of impact.Secondly,the impact of FDI on technical progress has both direct and indirect effects.Direct impact means that FDI increases the productivity of the host country by increasing the productivity of the multinational company.Indirect impact refers to the technology spillover effect of FDI.In terms of indirect impact,FDI has a technical spillover effect on energy intensity through intra-industry linkages and inter-industry linkages.Thirdly,Malmquist index is a good indication of technological advancement.From 2003 to 2016,China's industrial sector as a whole was in a state of technical progress,but the improvement in the level of technology showed a marginal decline.Fourthly,from 2003 to 2016,FDI in China's industrial sector reduced the energy intensity of China's industrial sector through the spread and diffusion of energy-efficient technologies,and the higher the competitiveness of the industry,the better the effect of this FDI to improve energy efficiency.At last,due to the low efficiency of technology conversion for R&D investment costs,per capita R&D investment has not effectively promoted the dissemination and diffusion of technology for FDI,and the increase in per capita income can make people more educated and easier to observe,learn and imitate foreign investment.The new technology of the enterprise can better improve the technology dissemination and diffusion of FDI. |
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