Study Of Children's Outdoor Playground On Psychological Safetg In Urban Community

The living environment is an important part of the urban environment,and the safe living environment is the basic guarantee for the quality of life of residents.Children are the main users of the living environment.Compared with adults,children are in the exploratory period of the outside world.The psychology is not mature enough,the self-discipline is poor,the thinking is simple,and it is easy to cause self-harm.The design puts forward higher requirements.At present,about 10% to 20% of children around the world have psychological safety problems,and children's psychological safety needs to be highly valued by the society.However,the design of children's activity space in residential areas is more directed at children's use standards and behavioral preferences,and lacks space design to alleviate and alleviate children's psychological safety issues.In order to effectively enable children to grow the space environment to have a good intervention in children's psychology,children's activity space design should consider the psychological safety characteristics of children.Children aged 2-14 years were selected as the research object,and the influence factors of children's activity space based on psychological security residential area were selected by Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process.Through the sample questionnaire survey of residential areas in Nanchang City,the current situation of children's outdoor activities and children's psychological safety cognition(including spatial and environmental factors)were analyzed.The field observation system was used to summarize the current situation of children's activity space in Nanchang residential areas.The status quo of children's activity space in residential areas of Nanchang City was evaluated based on psychological safety.The method of constructing children's activity space based on psychological safety in Nanchang City was explored,and the following main conclusions were obtained:(1)Analyze the development level and psychological characteristics of Children Thought,combine environmental psychology and psychological security research,reintegrate the classification of urban space elements of Kevin Lynch system.Divide children's activity space into five categories based on children's psychological security: field space,private space,contact space,margin space,and function space.(2)Comprehensively use the Delphi method and the analytic hierarchy process to select the spatial impact factors of children's activities in residential areas based on psychological safety.Finally,one target layer is obtained;four criteria layers are obtained: spatial factors,site factors,safety management,and monitoring factors;16 program layers are also obtained: privacy,discernibility,spatial density,domain sense,hiding space,traffic safety,night lighting,landscape maintenance,community entrance and exit access control,community monitoring facilities,warning signs,security,social surveillance,number of companions,accompaniment of relatives,security awareness.(3)Among the factors affecting children's psychological safety in environmental maintenance,the primary concern is the essential factors such as equipment and space,and secondly,the impact of people on psychological safety.With the increase of age,children pay more and more attention to the spatial factors of maintaining psychological security.The psychological security factors such as privacy space,domain space,space easy to identify,and spatial openness increase with age.Although children with 2-3 years old have weak psychological security awareness,they are very sensitive to traffic flow and light and darkness.The choice rate is at least 30% for the choice of factors that cause children to be psychologically unsafe.(4)Based on psychological safety,the overall evaluation of the current situation of children's activity space in residential areas in Nanchang is: less private space,less sense of field,a large number of hidden spaces,large traffic safety hazards,dim night lighting,community monitoring and access control Strict,parents are not aware of the guardianship.(5)Combining the resulting impact factors and current situation,based on four factors: spatial factors,site factors,safety management,and monitoring factors,based on psychological safety,rationally setting spatial factors,improving children's activity space venue environment,strengthening safety management,strengthening the supervision and management and other four perspectives to propose the promotion of children's activity space in residential areas in Nanchang.