Evaluation Of Campus Landscape Patterns Of Five Universities In Shenyang Based On Fragstats

At present,the construction of green space in Colleges and universities often presents the status quo of "emphasizing quantity,neglecting function" and "emphasizing beauty and neglecting ecology".Universities generally attach too much importance to the design form in campus planning,while neglecting the ecological functions and benefits of green space,and their design itself lacks quantitative scientific basis.The ecological role of landscape has become an important factor in landscape planning,and the study of landscape pattern and green space spatial layout has always been the focus of landscape ecology.This article is based on the classification criteria of colleges and universities,the largest university in each type of colleges and universities in Shenyang is selected as the research object.Finally,Shenyang Agricultural University,Northeast University,Shenyang Normal University,Chongshan Campus of Liaoning University,Puhe Campus of Liaoning University and six campuses of five universities of China Medical University are selected.AutoCAD2012 and ArcGIS 10.2 are used to classify land use types in Colleges,draw patch type maps and convert them into raster data.The landscape indices are calculated in Fragstats4.2,and quantitative analysis and comparative study are carried out from three aspects:landscape pattern,green space layout and comprehensive diversity analysis.Through the evaluation and Research on landscape pattern,green space layout and comprehensive diversity of five universities(six campuses)in Shenyang,this paper aims to evaluate the current campus pattern by using digital data,and make a comparative analysis to evaluate whether the current campus landscape is reasonable,whether the functions of green space can be effectively played,and to diagnose its shortcomings,and then explore the development direction of future campus landscape planning and design,and provides reference for future campus planning.The campus landscape of six campuses of five universities in Shenyang is divided into five patch types of landscape pattern and five patch types of green space spatial layout,and their patch classification maps are drawn respectively.The landscape index is calculated,and the current campus pattern is evaluated by quantitative research and comparative analysis is carried out.The main results are as follows:1.From the aspect of landscape pattern,Chongshan Campus of Northeast University and Liaoning University has reasonable layout,regular shape and high degree of patch aggregation;the other four universities have more patches,complex shape and serious fragmentation,which are greatly influenced by human factors.Five of the six campuses havegreen land as the main patch type,which is evenly distributed in the campus landscape.While ensuring the ecological nature of the campus,it meets the needs of teachers and students' life and activities,and effectively improves the richness of the campus landscape.2.From the aspect of green space layout,the dominant patches in the six campuses are leisure green space,which has strong dominance and low fragmentation.Most of them exist in the form of large area and concentrated distribution.The overall green space of Chongshan Campus of Northeast University and Liaoning University has a high degree of aggregation and simple shape,and its planning and design time is relatively early.The initial campus construction is mainly based on architectural design and road construction.Road planning is the main form,and the campus is mostly green space with regular shape and concentrated distribution.3.From the perspective of comprehensive diversity:(1)From the landscape pattern diversity,Shenyang Agricultural University(2.5188)> Chongshan Campus of Liaoning University(2.9412)> Shenyang Normal University(2.4874)> Northeast University(2.4868)> Puhe Campus of Liaoning University(2.472)> China Medical University(2.4234),Shenyang Agricultural University has the highest comprehensive landscape pattern diversity index and the richest.And balanced.The reason for the low comprehensive diversity index is that the average area of patches is large and the number of patches is small.(2)According to the analysis of spatial distribution diversity of green space,Shenyang Agricultural University(2.4469)> Puhe Campus of Liaoning University(2.3853)> Shenyang Normal University(2.0541)> China Medical University(2.0019)> Chongshan Campus of Liaoning University(1.9293)> Northeast University(1.9033),Shenyang Agriculture University green space layout is the highest,richest and balanced.The reason for the low diversity index of green space is that although the total area of green space is large,the density of patches is small,the proportion of the largest patches and the average area of patches are larger,and there are obvious shortcomings in the enrichment and equalization of green space.Based on the analysis results of all evaluation indices,the future campus landscape planning should strengthen the maintenance of the dynamic balance between campus environment and ecological environment,fully meet the needs of teachers and students and functional needs,construct a suitable landscape planning design and ecological pattern,and promote the rational display of campus culture and ecological campus.