On Hierarchical Power Scheduling And Regulation For Macrogrid And Cooperative Microgrids

With the consumption of the fossil and fuel energy,the pollution of the environment,people start to pay their attention to renewable energy.The intermittence of renewable energy makes it hard to connect distribution energy with power grid directly,which will have an impact on stability,control and security of power grid.Microgrids are the most effective ways in which renewable energy is organized.Because microgrids can overcome most of problems in renewable energy connection with power grid.The intermittent of renewable energy and randomness of users' behaviors make it hard to match generation and demand.And renewable devices often work in MPPT mode to ensure maximum utilization of renewable energy.If users can change their own consumption behaviors according to the spot prices they receive,matching problem will get alleviating.In this paper,we take two steps to optimize the whole interconnection microgrid system: energy management and cooperative optimization.Demand side response is one of ways operators change users consumption behaviors which belongs to the demand side management.This management strategy can lead users to change their consumption behaviors by adjusting dynamic prices without cutting off any load.Users keep well informed of real time prices of electrical energy and choose to start or stop some electrical consumptions.We find some factors which affect real time price like real time,total demand.After taking dynamic price strategy,operators will buy less energy when microgrids are short of energy and users will cost more energy when microgrids have surplus energy.Electric automobiles are very special devices which can be charged and recharged,so based on the real time prices we get,we can take good advantage of EVs to participate in energy regulation when they are idle,as long as SoC of EVs are in good conditions when users want to drive them.In the end,the curves of demand are smoother,the investment of storage devices will be saved and people are more active in Smart Grid in this way.Meanwhile,electric vehicles are different from other storage devices,because people may drive to another places which causes electric vehicles to be charged in another microgrid or main grid.So we must take this factor into account when we design electric vehicles charging strategy.