Coordinated Charging Pricing Strategy For Electric Vehicles Based On Demand Response

With the development of the industry in the modern society,the popularity of vehicles and the demand for fossil fuels are also increasing.Meanwhile,the problem of environmental pollution and energy shortage is gradually causing attention.With the advantages of high efficiency,low pollution and energy saving,electric vehicles have become the development trend of automotive industry.In the next few years,a large number of electric vehicles will become a huge energy terminal.However,the charging behavior of electric vehicles has great uncertainty.Therefore,the uncoordinated charging behavior will be a new problem of the stable operation of the power system.Thus it is important to study on the coordinated charging strategy of electric vehicles.In order to reduce the impact of the uncoordinated charging behavior to the power system,this essay makes an in-depth study on charging pricing strategy of electric vehicles based on the demand response theory.The main research works of this essay are as follows:First,the main factors that affecting the charging load based on the charging behavior characteristics of electric vehicles are analyzed in this paper,and a model of uncoordinated charging for electric vehicles by using Monte Carlo method is established.After that,the influence of uncoordinated charging is simulated based on the basic load of the power grid predicted by the gray model prediction.The result shows that the uncoordinated charging of electric vehicles aggravates the peak-valley gap of the power grid and it has adverse effects on operating the power grid stably.Next,after dividing the periods of peak and valley via the method of the membership function,the time-of-use electricity price optimization strategy model with minimum peak-valley difference as the optimization objective and constraints of various aspects is established based on the demand response theory.The time-of-use pricing strategy is simulated by using optimization toolbox of matlab software.An ideal optimization result is obtained under the coordinated charging pricing strategy and the peak-valley difference of the daily load is reduced.At last,in order to measure the satisfaction degree of the users about the pricing strategy,the satisfaction degree is quantified and incorporated into the optimization objective in this essay.Based on the difference of responses of different kinds of charging load to the price change,the real-time pricing model is set up to minimize the peak-valley difference and maximize the satisfaction of the users.The optimization toolbox of matlab software is also used in this simulation.The result shows that the real-time pricing strategy proposed in this paper can reduce the peak-valley difference while ensuring the satisfaction of the users and achieve the goal of optimizing the operation of the power system.